聚合物的空间电荷效应与电击穿机理  

ON THE MECHANISM OF ELECTRIC BREAKDOWN AND EFFECT OF SPACE CHARGE IN POLYETHYLENE

作　　者：屠德民[1] 刘荣生[1] 吕永康 刘子玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程系

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》1990年第5期109-114,共6页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目.

摘　　要：本文采用电声脉冲法,实测了聚乙烯试样中空间电荷分布,在特制的试样上,显示了均匀电场中空间电荷在直流击穿和短路击穿中的极性效应.空间电荷效应、交直流叠加和升压速度的实验结果表明,均匀电场中聚乙烯的击穿规律与极不均匀电场中树枝化的特性是一致的,进一步证明了 Budenstein 的实验发现,即均匀电场中聚合物的击穿起始于界面的树枝化.最后,作者用高氏树枝化新理论,对击穿现象作出了满意的解释.In this paper the distributions of space charges in the samples of polyethy- lene are measured with electro-acoustic pulse me hod.During DC and short oir- cuit breakdown tests,the Polarity effects of space charges in a uniform field is shown with specially made samples. The results of space charge effect test,AC superposed on DC voltage test and voltage rise rate test show that the characteristic of breakdown of polyethy- lene in the uniform field is identical to that of its treeing in the extra-non- uniform field.Therefore,this paper has further proved the discovery in Bud- enstein's experiments that the electric breakdown of polymer is caused by interface treeing. Finally,in this paper the breakdown phenomena are explained satisfactorily by Kao's new theor(?) of electric treeing.

关 键 词：聚合物 聚乙烯 空间电荷 电击穿 

分 类 号：O631.23[理学—高分子化学]