文物岩石材料劣化两类结垢物质成分及形成机制的分析与研究  

Analysis and study of the components and mechanism of two encrustations deteriorated from stone relics

作　　者：李宏松 

机构地区：[1]中国文化遗产研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2011年第2期9-12,共4页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(40772167);国家文物局文物保护科学和技术研究课题资助(20050111)

摘　　要：为了探讨文物岩石材料劣化结垢病害的特征和形成机理,以洛阳龙门石窟和北京西黄寺清净化城塔塔基砂岩条石为研究对象,采用全岩化学全分析和X射线衍射测试技术对两类结垢物质的成分和形成过程进行了系统分析和研究。研究结果表明,龙门石窟的结垢物是在水长期渗漏过程中对碳酸盐岩溶蚀改造沉淀后而形成的;而西黄寺清净化城塔塔基砂岩条石上的结垢物来源于砌筑砂浆(其主要物质成分为方解石),白色结垢物的形成机理为,砌缝砂浆在水渗流作用下发生溶蚀,溶蚀形成的溶液流至其下砂岩条石上经沉淀及重结晶形成结垢物。To explore the characteristics and mechanism of encrustations formation on deteriorated stone relics,encrustations in the Longmen Grottoes of Loyang and on the sandstone foundation of the Xihuang Temple Tower,Beijing, were systematically analyzed and studied using chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.Results of thjs study show that the encrustations of the Longmen Grottoes are formed slowly after dissolution and precipitation of rock carbonates as a result of water leakage.The encrustations on the sandstone foundation of Xihuang Temple Tower are from masonry mortar（the main component is calcite）.The white encrustation is formed after masonry mortar is dissolved by water,the solution flows,and calcite precipitates and re-crystallizes on the surface of the sandstone.

关 键 词：文物岩石材料 劣化 结垢 物质成分 形成机制 

分 类 号：K879.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]