光温敏核雄性不育小麦BS366花粉母细胞减数分裂的细胞学研究  

Studies on Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cells in Photoperiod-temperature Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Wheat Line BS366

作　　者：樊建青[1,2] 张立平[1,2] 赵昌平[1,2] 许晨光[1,2] 王灵云[1,2] 苑少华[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2011年第6期622-628,共7页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(No.5091001);国家高技术研究与发展计划(863)(No.2009AA101102;No.2011AA10A106);农业部948项目(No.2009-Z4);科技部成果转化资金(No.2009GB2A000006);院创新能力建设专项(No.KJCX201101007);北京市农业育种基础研究创新平台(No.D08070500690801)资助项目~~

摘　　要：要以小麦光温敏核雄性不育系BS366为材料,采用卡宝品红压片法研究花粉母细胞减数分裂的细胞学变化。结果表明:不育环境下的BS366花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体和细胞形态异常现象较多。染色体异常主要表现为:染色体落后,染色体桥、染色体散乱排列,微核、染色体分离不同步。细胞形态异常表现为:二分体时期细胞质不完全分裂,细胞板不平整;四分体时期子细胞大小不一。花粉母细胞减数分裂后,异常四分体的比例为62.88%;成熟花粉粒中败育率为89.5%。推测减数分裂期间异常的染色体行为以及细胞形态可能是影响花粉育性降低的重要原因。In this paper, cytological studies were conducted on pollen mother cells meiosis of photoperiod temperature sensitive genic male sterile wheat line BS366 by using carbol fuchsin and chromosome squash technique. Some abnormalities of meiosis were observed in stertile condition. They were lagged chromosomes, chromosome bridges, scattered chromosomes and micronucleus. During meiosis Ⅱ, chromosome segregations were not synchronous. At dyad stage, the cell plate was out of flatness and the cell was incomplete divided. At tetrad stage, the tetrad cells were not coincident with each other in size. The percentage of abnormal tetrad was 62.88%, and 89.5% of matured pollen grains were sterile. Abnormal chromosome behavior and cell morphology during meiosis may be the important reason for fertility reduction of photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility wheat pollen.

关 键 词：光温敏核雄性不育小麦 减数分裂 染色体 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]