运行时异常对软件静态测试的影响研究  

Research on the Effect of Runtime Exception in Software Static Testing

作　　者：金大海[1] 宫云战[1] 杨朝红[1] 肖庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室,北京100876

出　　处：《计算机学报》2011年第6期1090-1099,共10页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划项目基金(2009AA012404);国家自然科学基金(91018002)资助

摘　　要：当程序的执行过程中出现运行时异常,控制流动态地变更可能会产生非预期的执行逻辑,由此引入的缺陷将给软件静态测试工作带来巨大的挑战.针对这一问题,提出一种结合运行时异常的静态测试方法,将缺陷检测及控制流扩展交替执行,通过扩展分析路径达到提高测试充分度的目的.以异常模式状态机描述运行时异常行为,在包含运行时异常的控制流上,应用迭代方程得到运行时异常控制流序列,将在传统控制流上的一次缺陷检测过程扩展为在异常控制流序列上的多次检测.实验结果表明,结合运行时异常的静态测试方法虽然增加了时间开销,且引入一定的误报,但却可以发现传统测试方法所遗漏的缺陷,这点在航空、航天等高可信领域尤为重要.When a runtime exception occurred during the execution of program, an unexpected executing logic maybe appeared due to the modified of control flow dynamically. Thus, a great challenge, detecting the defect caused by the unexpected executing logic, will be brought to soft-ware static testing. Therefore an approach for iterative defect detection in the presence of runtime exception is proposed, in which defect detection and control flow extension are interleaved and performed repeatedly. The finite state machine for runtime exception is defined as EM, which include all the state of runtime exception related, and the conversation behavior between different states. The control flow with runtime exception is defined as EC, which is the basis for defect detection. By the given iterative equation and algorithm, the sequence of EC can be got, and on which the traditional onetime testing is extended to multiple times. Experimental results show that, although sequence of EC increases the time cost and false positive, more defects can be detected than ever, and these defects are missed by other method or tools indeed.

关 键 词：软件测试 静态分析 运行时异常 异常模式 异常控制流 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]