近49年广东高温的气候特征及其变化规律  

CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CHANGE LAWS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE IN GUANGDONG DURING THE LAST 49 YEARS

作　　者：伍红雨[1] 杜尧东[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省气候中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第3期427-432,共6页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(00SF-09-11);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD04B03)共同资助

摘　　要：利用广东省86个站点1961—2009年逐日最高气温资料,分析了广东高温日数、极端最高气温的时空变化特征。结果表明,49年来,广东年平均高温日数为14.7 d,2003年最多(27.8 d),其次是2009年(27.6 d),1973年最少(4.6 d)。广东每年高温集中于6—9月,7、8月是高温频发期。49年来广东年平均高温日数呈明显的增加趋势,以2.9 d/(10 a)的速率增加,特别是2000年以后更加明显,并具有2～3 a和4～6 a两个显著周期。广东各站年高温日数和年极端最高气温的上升趋势非常明显,部分地区趋势系数高达0.6～0.8。广东月平均高温日数在7、8月变化最大,特别是1990年代后显著增加;2001—2009年广东86个站的年高温日数有三个地区增加最明显,增加中心分别位于广东的东部、中部以北和西部地区,高温日数距平都在15 d以上。21世纪以来,异常高温年频繁出现。Based on daily maximum surface air temperature data of 86 stations during 1961—2009 in Guangdong province,the distribution and spatiotemporal variations of high temperature days with daily maximum temperature≥35 ℃ and extreme maximum air temperature were analyzed.The results show that the mean annua1 high temperature days were 14.7 d/a in the last 49 years,high temperature days were the most is 27.8-days in 2003,the second is 27.6-days in 2009,the least is 4.6-days in 1973.High temperature concentration period from June to September,and July and August have the largest frequency of occurrence.The variation trend of mean annua1 high temperature days is obvious increasing in Guangdong during the 49 years,and high temperature days trend was 2.9 d/（10 a）,especially in the 2000s,and show the significant 4 to 6 year and 2 to 3 year period.It indicated that the tendency of annua1 high temperature days and extreme temperature of rising is very obvious,and the part of Guangdong trend coefficient is 0.6 to 0.8.The mean monthly high temperature days in Guangdong change dramatically in July and August,especially after the 1990s.There are three significant increasing areas of annual high temperature days of 86 stations in Guangdong during 2001—2009.The centers is in the eastern,mid-north and western regions of Guangdong with anomaly high temperature days are above 15 days.Especially,the anomalous high temperature years occurred frequently in the 21 St century.

关 键 词：气候学 气候特征 高温日数 极端最高气温 变化趋势 

分 类 号：P423.33[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]