团头鲂对8种非常规饲料原料中营养物质的表观消化率  

Apparent digestibility of eight unconventional feed ingredients for Megalobrama amblycephala

作　　者：姜雪姣[1] 梁丹妮[1] 刘文斌[1] 夏薇[1] 鲁康乐[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学资源环境与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《水产学报》2011年第6期932-939,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项--国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系资金资助(nycytx-49-21);农业公益性行业科研专项--水产养殖动物营养需求与高效配合饲料开发(201003020)

摘　　要：以0.5%的三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)为指示剂,由70%基础日粮和30%试验原料组成试验日粮研究了团头鲂对膨化羽毛粉、酶解羽毛粉、血粉、蚕蛹粉、玉米蛋白粉、玉米、碎米和大麦8种饲料原料的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸、总磷及总能的表观消化率。试验鱼[平均体质量(250.83±2.12)g]养殖于室内水族箱中(3.0 m×0.8 m×0.8 m),分别投喂相应的试验饲料1周后采用自排法收粪。结果表明:8种饲料原料的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总氨基酸、总磷及总能的表观消化率的范围分别是68.07%～92.69%、81.54%～92.75%、84.82%～103.44%、63.07%～95.56%、41.48%～97.55%、68.91%～97.81%。其中各项营养物质的表观消化率均以玉米蛋白粉最高;4种动物蛋白原料中以蚕蛹粉中营养物质表观消化率最高,血粉次之;除粗脂肪外,酶解羽毛粉的消化率均高于膨化羽毛粉;3种能量饲料中,以大麦的蛋白及氨基酸表观消化率最高,但干物质、粗脂肪及能量的表观消化率均显著低于玉米和碎米。由此可见,玉米蛋白粉和蚕蛹粉分别可作为团头鲂优质的植物蛋白源和动物蛋白源,血粉、羽毛粉可搭配其他饲料少量使用。玉米和碎米能值较高,可作为团头鲂的主要能量饲料,大麦由于氨基酸组成较好,也可适量使用。The apparent digestibility（AD） for dry matter,protein,crude fat,amino acids,phosphorus and energy of eight feed ingredients for bluntnose black bream Megalobrama amblycephala Yih were determined.The feed ingredients included expanded feather meal,enzyme feather meal,blood meal,silkworm pupa,corn gluten meal,broken rice,corn,and barley grain.Test diets consisted of 70% reference diet and 30% test feed ingredients,and added 0.5%Cr2O3 as an indicator.The fish averaging（250.83±2.12） g were reared in indoor aquarium tank（3.0 m×0.8 m×0.8 m）,and fecal samples were collected by abdominal pressure method after one week.The results showed that apparent digestibility for dry matter,protein,crude fat,amino acids,phosphorus and energy of nine feed ingredients were 68.07%-92.69%,81.54%-92.75%,84.82%-103.44%,63.07%-95.56%,41.48%-97.55% and 68.91%-97.81%,respectively.Corn gluten meal showed the best apparent digestibility for all nutritions.Silkworm pupa had the highest apparent digestibility of four animal protein feedstuffs,and the next was blood meal.Apparent digestibility of enzyme feather meal was better than expanded feather meal in addition to crude fat.Barley grain had the highest protein and amino acid digestibility,but the apparent digestibility for dry matter,crude fat and energy were significantly lower than that of corn and broken rice.In conclusion,corn gluten meal and silkworm pupa can be used as high quality plant protein and animal protein sources,respectively.Blood meal,and feather meal can be used as a small amount with other feedstuffs.Corn and broken rice can be used as the main energy feed ingredients because of the higher energy values,and barley grain also can be used suitably for bluntnose black bream because of the balance of amino acids.

关 键 词：团头鲂 非常规饲料原料 营养物质 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S963.162[农业科学—水产养殖]