芽用豆科作物的辐射敏感性研究进展  

Research Progress on the Radiosensitivity of Legume Crops for Sprouting

作　　者：肖伶俐[1] 康玉凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《大豆科学》2011年第3期511-517,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(nyhyzx07-017)

摘　　要：芽菜专用豆科作物优良品种的缺乏已成为制约我国现代芽菜产业快速发展的瓶颈。辐射诱变具有安全简便经济、突变频率高、变异性状稳定早等特点,可缩短育种年限,创造新的基因型,是现代作物育种的重要方法之一;作物辐射敏感性评价研究,是辐射育种的前提和基础,对芽用豆科作物辐射敏感性的研究有助于提高辐射育种的效率。文章从大豆、绿豆、蚕豆、豌豆、小豆、苜蓿、花生等芽用豆科作物辐射敏感性评定指标(当代植株生长发育、农艺性状、生理生化特性、细胞及遗传物质变化等)、品种间辐射敏感性强弱、辐射敏感性的分析方法、品种间辐射敏感性差异机制的研究进展以及运用芽用豆科作物辐射敏感性对辐射处理方法进行改进方面进行了阐述,并对芽用豆科作物辐射敏感性研究前景进行了探讨,以期为芽用豆科作物的辐射育种提供理论与技术支持。The lack of good legume crops for sprouting has become the choke point of the rapid developing of sprout industry in China.Irradiation breeding is an important breeding method.Besides safe,convenient,and economic,radiation mutation could cause high mutation frequency and make the mutative traits stable early.So it can shorten breeding time and create new genotype.Mutation breeding is an effective method in selecting and breeding legume crop varieties for sprouting.Radiosensitivity research is the premise and foundation of irradiation breeding.Radiosensitivity research of legume crops for sprouting could improve its breeding efficiency.This paper stated the research progress of the radiosensitivity indexes,radiosensitivity differences among varieties,the analyse method of radiosensitivity,the mechanism of radiosensitivity among varieties,and the improvement of radiation treatment method.This paper also discussed the research prospect of radiosensitivity of legume crops for sprouting so that can provide the theoretical and technical support of irradiation breeding for legume crops that good for sprouting.

关 键 词：芽用豆科作物 辐射敏感性 辐照剂量 

分 类 号：S649[农业科学—蔬菜学]