607例不同年份中毒尸检资料对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of 607 Autopsy Cases of Poisoning Death

作　　者：梁曼[1] 郑娜[2] 周兰[3] 刘茜[1] 张海东[4] 卓荦[1] 刘艳[1] 黄光照[1] 刘良[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院法医学系,湖北武汉430030 [2]汕头大学医学院法医学教研室,广东汕头515041 [3]江苏省公安厅物证鉴定中心,江苏南京210024 [4]中国政法大学证据科学教育部重点实验室,北京100040

出　　处：《法医学杂志》2011年第3期200-204,共5页Journal of Forensic Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究不同年份中毒案例的毒物种类、中毒途径、中毒方式等相关问题,为此类案例的法医学鉴定提供参考。方法对华中科技大学同济医学院法医学系(湖北同济法医学司法鉴定中心)1957—2008年鉴定的607例中毒案例尸检资料进行对比分析。结果 1999—2008年218例中毒案例中死者男性居多,30～49岁占50%,中毒以口服方式为主,意外中毒居首位,毒物种类以杀鼠剂、有毒气体、农药类位居前三位。与1983—1998年及1957—1982年的中毒尸检资料对比,不同年份间毒物种类明显变化,近年农药、氰化物中毒减少,杀鼠药、有毒气体及醇类中毒增加,毒品滥用激增。结论农药中毒是长期威胁公众健康的一类毒物,须对此提高防范意识;对联合中毒日益增多的趋势应引起关注。Objective To provide references for forensic expertise by investigating the kinds of toxicant,routes of exposure and manners of poisoning deaths,etc.Methods Six hundred and seven autopsy cases of poisoning deaths from 1957 to 2008 in Department of Forensic Medicine,Tongji Medical College（Tongji Forensic Science Identification Center of Hubei）,were comparatively reviewed.Results In 218 cases from 1999 to 2008,more than 50% of decedents were male in the ages of 30-49.The toxicants are usually taken orally and the most common manner of death was accidental.The common substances involved in poisoning death were rodenticide,poisoning gas and insecticide.Compared to the data of 1983-1998 and 1957-1982,the common toxic agents had changed significantly.The number of cases involving insecticide and cyanide poisoning decreased in recent years,and the number of cases of rodenticide,poisoning gas,alcohols poisoning displayed an increase tendency,especially for drugs abuse.Conclusion Poisoning deaths of pesticides remain a major public health problem for a long time and the awareness of prevention need to be raised,especially for the prevention of deaths from multiple poisons.

关 键 词：法医学 中毒 尸体检验 案例分析 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]