燃料电池用聚乙烯醇基碱性聚合物电解质膜的制备及其性能  

SOLID ALKALINE ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES BASED ON POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) FOR POTENTIAL USE IN FUEL CELLS

作　　者：傅婧[1,2] 张海艳[1,2] 乔锦丽[3] 马建新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海200237 [2]同济大学新能源汽车工程中心,上海201804 [3]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《高分子学报》2011年第7期701-708,共8页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：上海市浦江人才基金(基金号08PJ14096);上海市自然科学基金(基金号09ZR1433300);归国留学人员基金(基金号2009(1001))资助项目

摘　　要：通过在不同浓度KOH溶液中进行掺杂,制备出了聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVA/PVP)和聚乙烯醇/聚乙二醇二甲醚(PVA/PEGDE)碱性聚合物电解质膜.详细考察了膜的外观形貌、微观结构、热稳定性、离子电导率和化学稳定性等.结果表明,PVA与PVP以及PEGDE具有很好的相容性,所制备的复合膜断面致密、均匀,没有出现明显的相分离.同时,PVP和PEGDE的混入可以极大的提高复合膜的电导率.PVA中混入100%含量的PVP时,膜电导率可达2×10-3 S.cm-1;混入25%的PEGDE时,膜电导率最高可达1.43×10-3 S.cm-1.经PVP和PEGDE改性后的PVA膜表现出很好的热稳定性和耐碱稳定性,所制备的样膜经80℃10 mol.L-1 KOH溶液中处理24 h后,没有观察到膜电导率的下降.红外光谱研究表明,处理温度升高有利于膜对KOH溶液的吸收,从而提高膜中OH-载流子的浓度.此外,PVA/PVP/KOH膜和PVA/PEGDE/KOH膜的甲醇吸收率随温度的升高没有明显变化,100℃时其甲醇吸收率仅为同条件下Nafion115膜的1/4.The solid alkaline electrolyte membranes have been succesfully prepared from poly（vinylalcohol）（PVA）,poly（vinyl alcohol）/poly（vinyl pyrrolidone）（PVA/PVP） and poly（vinyl alcohol）/poly（ethylene glycol） dimethyl ether（PVA/PEGDE） by doping different concentrations of KOH aquaous solutions.The morphology,microstructure,thermal stability,ionic conductivity and chemical stability of the membranes were investigated in detail.The wholly compact and homogeneous composite membranes were obtained due to the good compatibility between PVA and PVP and/or PEGDE,and no obvious phase seperation was observed.The ionic conductivity of the composite membranes was enhanced greatly with increasing the content of PVP and/or PEGDE in polymer.The measured conductivity of the membranes reached as high as up to 2×10-3 S·cm-1 by addition 100% content of PVP and 1.43×10-3 S·cm-1by addition 25% content of PEGDE.The obtained PVA/PVP and PVA/PEGDE membranes exhibited excellent thermal stability and alkaline tolerance where no obvious decrease in ionic conductivty was observed even after the membrane being treated in 10 mol·L-1 KOH at an elevated temperature of 80℃.FTIR spectra results suggested that the KOH absorption of the membranes increased at elevated treatment temperatures,which gave rise to an increase in the OH-charge carriers density.In addition,the methanol uptake of PVA/PVP/KOH and PVA/PEGDE/KOH membranes showed almost no changes after conditioned at elevated temperatures and,were 4 times lower than that of Nafion115 membrane after conditioned at 100℃.It could indicate a potential feasibility as a promising PVA based solid alkaline electrolyte membrane for alkaline fuel cells.

关 键 词：碱性聚合物电解质膜 聚乙烯醇 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 聚乙二醇二甲醚 化学稳定性 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]