绿脓素对降解原油的微生物菌群的影响  

Effect of Pyocyanin on a Petroleum-Degrading Microbial Community

作　　者：夏文杰[1] 董汉平[1] 俞理[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所,廊坊065007

出　　处：《化学学报》2011年第12期1483-1490,共8页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：863国家高技术研究发展计划(No.2009AA063504);973国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2005cb221308);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(No.2008A-1403)资助项目

摘　　要：铜绿假单胞菌WJ-1是从蒙古林油田油水样中分离得到的一株能够以原油为唯一碳源,通过合成某些代谢产物增加其环境竞争力和存活率的烃降解菌.用氯仿从WJ-1LB培养液中萃取绿脓素,气相色谱-质谱法(Gas chromato-graph-Mass Spectrometry,GC-MS)分析得该物质为1-羟基吩嗪.通过在原油培养基中加入和未加入0.2 g/L绿脓素,培养32 d来研究绿脓素对烃降解菌群T2的群落结构和原油降解能力的影响.变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,DGGE)分析结果表明:在32 d的原油降解中,含有绿脓素的培养液中T2菌群多样性减少.气相色谱和棒薄层层析分析得:含有绿脓素的培养液中原油的芳香族烃等非烃类和正构烷烃中长链组分的降解率比未加入绿脓素的要低.超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase)活性检测结果表明:不同菌体的过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶含量与活性不同,引起对绿脓素抗性的差异.可见绿脓素对烃降解菌群的结构和原油降解能力有负面影响.Pseudomonas aeruginosa WJ-1 is a crude-oil degrader that is isolated from Menggulin petroleum reservoir and could utilize the crude oil as sole carbon source to produce some metabolites that enhance its competitiveness and survival in many environments.Pyocyanin extracted from LB culture solution of stain WJ-1 was identified as 1-hydroxyphenazine by using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry technology.To examine the effects of pyocyanin on microbial community structure and oil degradation,an oil-degrading culture with oil-degrading community T2 was cultivated with or without 0.2 g/L pyocyanin for 32 d.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） analysis results showed that a decrease in the microbial community diversity in the pyocyanin-amended cultures compared to that of the unamended cultures.Gas spectrum and oil group experiments indicated that at 32 d the culture without pyocyanin had decreased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the medium-long fractions of saturated hydrocarbons compared to the pyocyanin-amended culture.The members of the community exhibited the different sensitivity to pyocyanin,corresponding to the different levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase when examined in pure culture.These results demonstrated that pyocyanin influenced the diversity of the microbial community and reduced the potential of oil degradation.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 1-羟基吩嗪 微生物群落 原油降解 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]