湘南冬闲田稻—稻—绿肥(饲草)种植模式及效益研究  

Planting Mode of Rice-rice-green manure(Forage) for Winter Fallow Fields in Southern Hunan and Its Economic Benefit

作　　者：梁海军 秦道珠[2] 黄平娜[2] 刘淑军[2] 黄晶[2] 

机构地区：[1]祁阳县农业局,湖南祁阳421700 [2]中国农业科学院祁阳红壤实验站国家水稻产业祁阳综合试验站,湖南祁阳426182

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2011年第6期32-35,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD05B09)

摘　　要：2:008～2009年,在湘南双季稻区冬闲田采取稻—稻—绿肥(饲草)轮作方式,研究养分归还量和提高作物产量及经济效益的关系。结果表明:冬作物平均干物质量依次为:紫云英>小黑麦>油菜,分别为7 091.8、2 887.7、843.1 kg/hm2;N、P、K养分归还量紫云英区为51.9、5.4、24.0 kg/hm2,小黑麦区为32.9、5.7、45.0 kg/hm2,油菜区为54.3、6.0、42.8 kg/hm2;2008年绿肥区早、晚稻产量比对照区平均高47.6%、45.2%;2009年绿肥区早、晚稻产量比对照区平均高20.9%、73.4%,差异显著。绿肥区之间稻谷产量紫云英区最高,小黑麦区其次,油菜区最低。年均经济效益稻-稻-紫云英为2 575.8元/667m2,比对照提高285.4%;稻—稻—黑麦为1 732.3元/667m2,比对照提高159.6%;稻-稻-油菜为1 424.7元/667m2,比对照提高111.7%。3种种植模式比较,经济效益以稻—稻—紫云英>稻—稻—小黑麦>稻—稻—油菜,差异显著。2008~2009,the rotation mode of rice-rice-green manure（forage） for winter fallow fields in double-season rice planting area in Southern Hunan was adopted to study the relationship between returning amount of nutrients and enhancing crop yield and economic benefits.The results showed that the average amount of dry matter in Astragalus sinicus,Triticale wittmack and Brassica campestris L.was 7 091.8,2 887.7 and 843.1 kg/hm2,respectively;the returning amount of N,P and K respectively was 51.9,5.4 and 24.0 kg/hm2 in Astragalus sinicus planting area,32.9,5.7 and 45.0 kg/hm2 in Triticale wittmack planting area,54.3,6.0 and 42.8 kg/hm2 in Brassica campestris L.planting area;the yield of early rice and late rice in green manure planting area in 2008 was averagely 47.6% and 45.2% higher than that in control area;the yield of early rice and late rice in green manure planting area in 2009 was averagely 20.9% and 73.4% higher than that in control area with a significant difference.Among the green manures planting areas,the rice yield was the highest in Astragalus sinicus planting area,the second high in Triticale wittmack planting area,and the lowest in Brassica campestris L.planting area.In comparison with control,the average annual economic benefit was 38 637 yuan/hm2 in the mode of rice-rice-Astragalus sinicus which increased by 285.4%,25 984.5 yuan/hm2 in the mode of rice-rice-Triticale wittmack which increased by 159.6%,21 370.5 yuan/hm2 in the mode of rice-rice-Brassica campestris L.which increased by 111.7%.Therefore,among these three planting modes,the economic benefit of them ordered as rice-rice-Astragalus sinicusrice-rice-Triticale wittmackrice-rice-Brassica campestris L.with a significant difference.

关 键 词：冬闲田利用 冬作物产量 双季稻产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S142.3[农业科学—肥料学]