黄河下游灌区河南段农业非点源污染现状及原因分析  

Situation and Cause of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Henan in Irrigation District of the Lower Yellow River

作　　者：陈媛媛[1] 王永生[1] 易军[1] 张惠[1,2] 杨正礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]宁夏职业技术学院,银川750002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第17期265-272,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题"黄河上游灌区农田退水污染控制与湿地生态修复关键技术研究与示范"(2008ZX07212-004);中德国际合作项目"黄河上游大型灌区农田氮减排与水气质量保障技术合作研究"(S2010GR0977)

摘　　要：探明黄河下游大型灌区农业非点源污染状况,对区域环境质量安全和农业可持续发展具有重大意义。笔者分析了近年来黄河下游灌区河南段农业非点源污染相关数据,概述了该地区农业非点源污染形成的主要原因,指出了农用化学物质的不合理使用、生活与养殖废弃物随意排放等均不同程度地产生了农业污染,对地下水水质造成了影响。地下水硝态氮平均含量达9.31mg/L,接近世界卫生组织地下水硝态氮含量的最大允许浓度。畜禽排泄物中COD和氨氮量分别为458.15万t和44.86万t,是河南省工业及生活污水产生COD和氨氮量的7.03倍和5.89倍。To ascertain the situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Henan irrigation district had an important significance on environmental quality security and agricultural sustainable development of the Yellow River valley. Relative data about the issue of agricultural non-point source pollution of henan section in the lower Yellow River were analyzed in the study. And the author summed up the major factors of forming agricultural non-point source pollution. Then pointed out that the unreasonable use of agricultural chemicals and the discharge of living garbage and livestock waste caused different agricultural pollution. The different agricultural pollutants resulted in deterioration of groundwater. The average concentration of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater was 9.31 mg/L, close to the maximum concentration provided by the world health organization. The concentration of COD and ammonia nitrogen were 4.5815×106 t and 4.486×105 t respectively, which were 7.03 and 5.89 times of those of industrial and domestic sewage in the whole province.

关 键 词：河南 黄河下游灌区 污染 原因分析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X592