再论黄河下游游荡性河道双向整治方案  

Research on two-bank training strategy for wandering channels of Lower Yellow River

作　　者：齐璞[1] 孙赞盈[1] 齐宏海 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]美国马里兰州NMP工程咨询有限公司

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2011年第3期1-9,共9页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：黄科院专项"黄河下游宽河窄槽方案的洪水位响应"(HKY-JBYW-2010-05)

摘　　要：从小浪底水库运用后河道整治面临的新问题:研究了宽河固堤(微弯整治)、窄河固堤与双岸整治形成的特定的历史背景,其整治目的与要求有所不同。微弯整治是在防洪抢险整治基础上演变的,使河道的游荡范围有所减小,防洪安全性有所提高。但微弯整治在下游游荡性河道极为宽浅,多条流路中选择一条典型流路作为规划治导线,通过人工造弯,试图形成人工控制的弯曲性河流,具有一定的盲目性;窄河固堤的思想是在新的历史条件下,从社会发展,经济效益等多方面分析后提出的;双向整治是基于对黄河窄深河道泄洪输沙能力、过洪机理,淤滩刷槽之间没有联系的认识基础上提出的。小浪底水库泥沙多年调节,优化了来水来沙条件,通过黄河实测资料分析与动床模型试验证明双向整治对游荡河道治理有效,是形成窄深河槽,稳定主槽,保证防洪安全与提高河道的输沙能力所必须。为充分利用洪水,长距离输沙入海,实现下游主槽不淤高的目标提供了可能。Facing the new river training problems after the commissioning of Xiaolangdi Project,this paper analyzes the specific historical backgrounds,different objectives and requirements of three river training strategies,i.e.,the strategy of wide channel to secure the banks（minor curvature treatment）,the strategy of narrowing the channel to secure the banks,and the strategy of two-bank training.The minor curvature treatment strategy has been evolved from the flood protection and emergency management,and it reduces the wandering range to a certain extent and increases the flood protection security.But the wandering channel becomes very shallow and wide,and the channel realignment plan will only be determined by picking one flow path among multiple flow paths.By implementing man-made curvatures,an unnatural curved channel will be developed,so this strategy should be considered as a blind method.Under the new historical condition,the strategy of narrowing the channel to secure the banks is proposed based on the analysis of multiple aspects such as social developments and economic benefits.The two-bank training strategy is developed based on the principles of flood discharge and sediment transport,and the flood conveyance capacity of the narrow and deep channel of the Lower Yellow River,as well as the non-existed link between siltation on the floodplain and erosion in the main channel. Multi-year sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Project can be used to optimize the incoming flow and sediment conditions of the Lower Yellow River.Based on the analysis of field measured data and movable bed physical experiments,the two-bank training strategy is proven to be effective for training the wandering channel.This strategy is also essential for developing a narrow and deep channel,stabilizing the main channel,ensuring flood protection security,and increasing the sediment transport capacity of the channel.It also provides feasibility of achieving the goal of non-aggraded main channel through long-distance sediment transport to

关 键 词：微弯整治 双岸整治 整治目标 窄槽宽滩 游荡河道 黄河 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]