中国天文气象条件的时变特征  

Time variation of astro-climate conditions in China

作　　者：钱璇[1,2,3] 王盘兴[1] 姚永强[2] 王国复[3] 刘立勇[2] 张永婧[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044 [2]中国科学院国家天文台光学天文重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国气象局国家气象信息中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2011年第7期896-910,共15页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10778709;10903014);中国科学院国家天文台青年人才基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用全国地面气象站1951～2008年的气象资料年值和月值数据集,系统分析云量、气温、湿度、风速、水汽压和降水量等天文选址气象要素气候态的长年变化、季节变化和日变化特征.根据对全国天文气候的区域划分,挑选出21个地区代表台站.统计比较各气象要素变化特征,总结出各地区天文气象条件的时变特性,进一步论证其地域分布特征,从而为进行地基望远镜建设的全国范围选址调查提供可靠的基础数据.The time variation of astroclimate conditions in China was analyzed in terms of cloud cover, air temperature, wind speed, water vapor pressure, and precipitation. The databases from ground meteorological stations over China were employed with the yearly and monthly data sets for the period of 1951-2008. According to the climate regionalization for astronomical observations, 21 stations were selected based on their advantages for astronomical observations, the locations nearby existing/candidate observatories, or the climatologically representative of local regions. The long-term trend, annual and diurnal variability of the relevant meteorological factors were summarized and compared for the 21 local regions, providing ground-truth evidence for selecting and further evaluating an astronomical site. This study serves as a further demonstration towards astroclimate regionalization, and provides with essential database for astronomical site survey in China.

关 键 词：天文选址 气象条件 时变特征 

分 类 号：P1[天文地球—天文学] P468.0