旱地果园起垄覆膜集雨措施对树体水分利用的影响  

Effect of Ridging the Land and Covering Plastic Film for Rainfall Collection on Water Use of Apple Trees in Dry Land Orchard

作　　者：张坤[1] 王发林[1] 刘小勇[1] 尹晓宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第3期68-71,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAD52B03);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(nycytx-08)

摘　　要：针对甘肃陇东黄土高原旱地苹果园季节性干旱问题,以15年生长富2号苹果树为试材,研究果园起垄覆膜、小沟集雨技术措施对土壤水分、主干液流速率、叶片光合速率等的影响。结果表明,在萌芽前晴天,覆黑地膜能显著提高主干液流速率;在果树生长季节,覆黑地膜能降低株间蒸发量,较长时间保持土壤水分,提高水分利用效率和叶片光合能力,同时可以平衡树势;到7月底,降雨可补充前期土壤水分的散失。Aiming at seasonal dried problem in orchard in Longdong,Gansu Province,soil water content,stem sap flow velocity,and leaf photosynthesis were measured using 15-year-old No.2 Changfu apple trees under ridging the land and covering plastic film condition.The results showed that stem sap flow velocity were improved significantly for treatment in sunny days before budding;in growing season,soil evaporation between plants was decreased,water use efficiency and leaf photosynthesis were improved,soil moisture content was conserved long time and tree vigor was balanced under mulching film;at the end of July,the vaporization loss of soil moisture in dry season could be recovered for rainfall.

关 键 词：起垄覆膜 土壤含水率 液流速率 光合能力 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]