湖北省2010年免疫规划疫苗接种率调查  

Study on the immunization coverage rate of EPI vaccines in Hubei Province in 2010

作　　者：赵明江[1] 蔡碧[1] 李宁[1] 范自军 钱帮军 尹忠心 刘毅[5] 宋焰超[6] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079 [2]湖北省鹤峰县疾病预防控制中心 [3]湖北省襄阳市疾病预防控制中心 [4]湖北省保康县疾病预防控制中心 [5]湖北省十堰市疾病预防控制中心 [6]湖北省黄石市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2011年第3期23-26,30,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省2004年后免疫规划疫苗接种现状与疫苗未接种影响因素。方法按照分层随机抽样原则,省级抽取10个县(市、区),调查2004年1月1日至2009年12月31日出生儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率。采用描述流行病学方法,对疫苗接种率及未接种原因进行分析。结果 12月龄内卡介苗、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗、白喉-百日咳-破伤风联合疫苗、含麻疹成分疫苗、乙型肝炎疫苗基础免疫接种率均在95%以上,上述五苗全程免疫覆盖率达到89.64%,乙型肝炎疫苗首针及时接种率为91.13%。乙型脑炎疫苗、A群流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗第一针和第二针、甲型肝炎疫苗接种率分别为71.82%、80.27%、73.74%、57.42%。适龄儿童DPT、OPV、含麻疹成分疫苗、A+C群流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗第一针、JE加强免疫接种率分别为80.10%、76.29%、82.35%、58.48%、59.93%。BCG未接种原因中孩子患病等客观原因占52.0%,OPV、DPT、MV、HepB、JE、MenA、MenAC、HepA未接种原因中缺乏积极性分别占该疫苗未接种剂次57.9%、47.7%、40.3%、45.9%、38.8%、44.6%、46.2%、39.0%。结论免疫规划五苗基础免疫接种率仍维持在较高水平,随着儿童年(月)龄增长,疫苗加强免疫接种率明显下降。适龄儿童家长缺乏积极性是疫苗未接种的主要原因。Objective To know the immunization coverage rate of EPI vaccines since 2004 in Hubei and find the factors associated with children who were not inoculated.Methods Stratified random sampling was conducted by selecting 10 counties in the investigation of immunization of children born from January 1,2004 to December 31,2009.Descriptive epidemiology method was conducted to analyse the rate of inoculation and unvaccinated reasons.Results The routine immunization coverage rate of BCG,OPV,DPT,MV/MR/MMR and HepB was all more than 95%,and the five vaccines coverage rate was all more than 89.64%,and the timely rate of immunization of HepB1 was 91.13%.The immunization coverage rate of JE,MenA1,MenA2 and HepA,which were included in EPI recently,was 71.82%、80.27%、73.74% and 57.42% respectively.The reinforced immunization coverage rate of DPT,OPV,MV/MR/MMR,MenAC1 and JE was 80.10%、76.29%、82.35%、58.48% and 59.93% respectively.Sickness accounted for 52% factors involved in failure of immunization BCG.Lack of positivity of immunization of OPV、DPT、MV、HepB、JE、MenA、MenAC、HepA accounted for 57.9%、47.7%、40.3%、45.9%、38.8%、44.6%、46.2%、39.0% respectively.Conclusions The routine immunization rate of the five Immunization program vaccines were still high.The reinforced immunization coverage rates decreased with the increase of age.Lack of positivity of immunization of parents for their children led to the lower rate of inoculation of all vaccines.

关 键 词：免疫规划疫苗 接种率 调查 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]