人与大猩猩、黑猩猩和猩猩亲缘关系的探讨  

The Relationship Among Human, Gorilla, Chimpanzee and Orangutan

作　　者：丁波[1] 张亚平[1] Oliver A.Ryder 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所细胞与分子进化开放研究实验室,昆明650223 [2]美国圣地亚哥动物协会,圣地亚哥ca92112

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1999年第6期604-609,共6页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;中国科学院"九五"重大项目;美国圣地亚哥动物协会基金

摘　　要：有关人猿超科的系统发育仍然存在争议。争论焦点在人与大猩猩和黑猩猩哪个关系更近一点。酪氨酸酶是黑色素合成中的关键酶，酪氨酸酶基因的突变将导致白化病。测定了人猿超科中大猩猩、黑猩猩、猩猩和长臂猿酪氨酸酶基因全部5个外显子的DNA序列。结合已发表人的序列，用简约法构建了基因树。结果表明，人与大猩猩的关系比黑猩猩要近一些。The Phylogeny of howhnoid is still an open question. The contrary point is which relationship is more closed related between human and gorilla and human and chimpanzee. Tyrosinase is the essential enzyme in melanogenesis. The mutation of tyrosinase gene causes albinism. The five e-cons of tyrosinase gene were sequenced for gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan and gibbon in hominoid. Combined with the human tyrosinase gene sequence, the gene tree was constructed using parsimony method. The results show that the relationship between human and gorilla is more closed related than betWeen human and chimpanzee.

关 键 词：人 大猩猩 黑猩猩 猩猩 亲缘关系 酪氨酸酶基因 

分 类 号：Q951.3[生物学—动物学] Q981.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]