低温卫生瓷用锆磷质生料乳浊釉的研制  

STUDY ON THE ZIRCON-PHOSOHORUS OPAQUE GLAZES FOR LOW FIRING TEMPERATURE SANITARY PORCELAIN

作　　者：孙洪巍[1] 高力明[1] 游恩溥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北轻工业学院硅酸盐工程系

出　　处：《西北轻工业学院学报》1990年第4期75-87,94,共14页Journal of Northwest University of Light Industry

摘　　要：本文应用二次回归正交设计方法编制试验计划,初步研制成功能用于低温卫生瓷烧成的锆磷质生料乳浊釉,其烧成温度为1140～1200℃,釉面白度可达76～79。经OM、EM、EDAX和x衍射分析表明,釉的乳浊粒子主要是细分散的残留锆英石和均匀分布于釉玻璃基中的分相液滴,另外还含有一定量的钙长石、氟磷灰石和再结晶锆英石晶体;残留锆英石的粒径绝大部分小于3μm;分相液滴的成份主要有(1)富 Ca^(2+)、P^(5+),(2)富 Ca^(2+)、Al^(8+)而同时都贫 Si^(4+)、Zr^(4+)两种,分相液滴主要以0.1～0.8μm 的球形小滴和由数个球形小滴部分连通形成的低聚体形式存在;骨灰和氟硅酸钠明显地促进釉的分相,使釉乳浊度提高;骨灰显著地缩小釉的烧成温度范围,氟硅酸钠则有强烈的助熔作用。The quadric regression-orthogonal design was used to give an experimental plan in this study.A series of zircon-phosohorus opaque glazes whose glaze whiteness could reach the values from 76 to 79 had been developed tentatively. The maturing temperatures of glazes was ranged from 1140 to 1200 centi-degree which were suited for the manufacture of low firing temperature sanitary porcelain.The observating results of OM,EM,EDAX and X-ray showed that opacifying particles in the glazes are mainly the rasidual crystal of zircon and phase-separating droplets which are distributed evenly in the matrix of glazes as well as a few of anorthite,fluorapatite and rectystallizing zircon. The diameter of rasidual zircon is not over 3 mircon and the isolated phase- separating particles are in the range of 0.1 to 0.8 mircon which are respactively (1)rich Ca^(2+),P^(5+)and(2)rich Ca^(2+),Al^(3+) and both of them are inpoveriched in Si^(4+),Zr^(4+).The isolated phases exist in the forms of separating spheric droplets or gatherer of a few droplets.Sodium fluorsilicate and bone-ash promote phase-separating considerably.Bone-ash make the scope of maturing temperature of glazes reduce notably.The sodium fluorsilicate is a strong flux.

关 键 词：卫生瓷 锆磷质 生料乳浊釉 陶瓷釉 

分 类 号：TQ174.43[化学工程—陶瓷工业]