施肥对红壤有机碳矿化特征的影响  

Effect of Fertilization on Mineralization Characteristics of Organic Carbon in Red Soil

作　　者：张旭博[1,2] 徐明岗[2] 林昌虎[1,3] 张文菊[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]贵州省科学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2011年第6期99-102,106,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871148;40901141);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2011-4)

摘　　要：为阐明不同肥料施用对红壤有机碳矿化及几种碳形态的影响,对长期定位试验红壤单施有机肥(M)、施用化肥(NPK)、化肥+有机肥(NPKM)、不施肥(CK)4个处理的土样进行室内培养,在培养期间定期采样红壤CO2释放量及土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)和可溶性有机碳(WSOC)的含量进行分析。结果表明:1)不同施肥处理CO2释放速率在培养前期较高,在培养10 d后基本趋于稳定;2)各处理有机碳矿化CO2释放量差异显著,其累积过程符合一级反应动力学方程,不同处理CO2潜在排放量从高到低依次为有机肥[(881±43)mg/kg]>有机肥配施化肥[(482±63)mg/kg]>化肥[(324±20)mg/kg]>对照[(99±8)mg/kg];3)施用有机肥显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)和可溶性有机碳(WSOC)含量,且除施用化肥处理的SMBC与有机碳矿化量未达极显著外,其余各处理的SMBC和WSOC含量均与有机碳矿化量呈极显著相关。认为,不同肥料施入后显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳和可溶性有机碳含量,进而提高了土壤有机碳的矿化速率和矿化量。几种施肥措施中,单施有机肥矿化量最高,在如何合理施肥中应着重考虑。The CO2 release,SMBC and WSOC content in red soil samples respectively applied with organic fertilizer,chemical fertilizer,chemical ＋ organic fertilizer were analyzed during their incubation period to study the effects of different fertilizers on organic carbon mineralization and carbon morphology in red soil.The results showed that the CO2 release rate of different treatments was high in the early incubation period and basically stable after 10d,there was very significant difference in CO2 release among different treatments,the accumulation dynamic accorded with the first-order kinetics equation,the CO2 release of different treatments was organic fertilizer[（881±43） mg/kg]chemical ＋organic fertilizer [（482±63）mg/kg]chemical fertilizer [（324±20）mg/kg]CK [（99±8）mg/kg],organic fertilizer could raise the content of SMBC and WSOC significantly,there were very significant correlations between organic carbon mineralization and the content of SMBC and WSOC in different treatments except there was significant correlation between organic carbon mineralization and SMBC content in the chemical fertilizer treatment.Applying different fertilizers can significantly raise the soil microbial biomass and WSOC content in red soil,which increases mineralization rate and quantity of soil organic carbon.The mineralization in the organic fertilizer treatment is the highest among the four treatments.

关 键 词：红壤 施肥 有机碳 矿化特征 

分 类 号：S155.25[农业科学—土壤学]