三峡库区护岸林主要树种的耐湿性和营养特性  

Waterlogging Tolerance and Nutritional Characteristics of Main Tree Species in Bank Forest in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：白祯[1] 黄建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆北碚400715

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2011年第6期166-169,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"科技支撑项目"三峡库区景观生态防护林体系构建技术试验示范"(2006BA003A13);国家科技攻关重大专题(2002BA516A17-05)

摘　　要：为筛选适宜三峡库区护岸林种植的耐湿耐淹树种,采用人工水池对巴茅、池杉、水杉、麻柳、杨柳、意杨69、楸枫、慈竹、麻竹、吊丝竹10种植物的耐湿耐淹性进行了研究,并测定了3年生护岸林叶片的营养特性。结果表明:池杉的耐湿耐淹能力最强,池杉、麻柳、杨柳、水杉可部分淹水150 d以上,因此,池杉适宜在三峡水库的消落区种植,池杉、麻柳、杨柳、水杉等树种可在含水量较高的土壤种植。树叶氮、磷、钾含量存在明显的季节变化,气温升高,叶片养分含量增加,进入秋季逐渐降低。意杨和楸枫的养分需要量大,适宜在肥沃的土壤种植,池杉和水杉在肥沃和贫瘠的土壤均可种植。The waterlogging tolerance of 10 tree species（including Miscanthus floridulus,Taxodium ascendens,Metasequoia glyptostroboides,Pterocarya stenoptera,Salix hallaisanensis,Populus deltoids,Bischofia javanica,Sinocalamus affinis,Sinocalamus latiflorus and Dendrocalamus minor） were studied by planting them in artificial pools and nutritional characteristics of three years old tree leaves were determined to screen out tree species with strong waterlogging tolerance which were suitable to plant in Three Gorges Reservoir area.The results showed that waterlogging tolerance of Taxodium ascendens was the strongest,Taxodium ascendens,Metasequoia glyptostroboides,Pterocarya stenoptera and Salix hallaisanensis could be alive for more than 150 days in partially waterlogged condition.Therefore,Taxodium ascendens is the best tree species suitable to grow in seasonally flooded areas.Taxodium ascendens,Brongn,Metasequoia glyptostroboide and Salix hallaisanensis could grow in soils with high water content.nutrients in the tree leaves varied seasonally.As weather temperature increased,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium also raised.But they decreased gradually in the autumn.Populus deltoids and Bischofia javanica needed more nutrients and were suitable to grow in fertile bank soils compared to the other two tree species,which could adapt to both fertile and poor bank soils because of fewer nutrients needed.

关 键 词：三峡库区 护岸林 耐湿性 营养特性 

分 类 号：S727.26[农业科学—林木遗传育种]