利用层次分析法对小学生行为问题影响因素的量化分析  

Quantitative Analysis on Influencing Factors of Elementary School Children's Behavior Problems by AHP

作　　者：王琳[1] 季建林[2] 石淑华[3] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院预防保健科,遵义563003 [2]复旦大学附属中山医院心理医学科,上海200032 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,武汉430030

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》2011年第3期365-369,共5页Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong

基　　金：复旦大学附属中山医院、上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院、华中科技大学同济医学院、复旦大学附属儿科医院、上海市精神卫生中心、西安交通大学医学院附属医院及第五届儿童保健高层论坛众多专家的大力支持和帮助,谨致以最诚挚的感谢.

摘　　要：目的初步构建我国小学生行为问题影响因素指标体系并用层次分析法(AHP)进行量化分析。方法在文献回顾的基础上结合我国小学生行为问题临床及专家意见构建指标体系,通过专家调查获取各指标的专家判断并用AHP计算各指标权重。结果指标体系从儿童、父母、家庭、教师、社会5个层面建立,各层次判断矩阵一致性较好(CR<0.10),前6位高危指标:家庭氛围(10.49%)、家庭类型(7.11%)、教师定期与孩子家长沟通情况(5.65%)、教师教育理念(5.31%)、教师对儿童身心发育知识了解(5.17%)、生活周边环境社会风气(6.17%)。结论所构建的小学生行为问题影响因素指标体系较为全面,33个指标权重值可为临床及后续研究提供参考;AHP通过对专家定性判断与定量计算的结合,对行为问题原因的分析更加合理,可作为优化儿童行为问题相关因素探析模式的一种分析方法。Objective To construct a preliminary indicator system for analyzing influencing factors of behavior problems of children in elementary school and process quantitative analysis of factors by using Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）.MethodsThe indicator system was established through literature review and by combining theoretical study,clinical practice and expert consultation,then expert＇s judgments of factors were collected by expert questionnaire and weights of factors were calculated by AHP.Results The indicator system was constructed by considering five aspects：child,parents,family,teachers and social conditions.The results showed that consistency of all matrixes was acceptable（consistency ratio：CR〈0.10）,top 6 high risk indicators were：family atmosphere（10.49%）,type of family（7.11%）;regular communication between teacher and parents（5.65%）,education ideal of teachers（5.31%）,proficiency of teachers in knowledge of children＇s physical and mental development（5.17%）;atmosphere of surrounding environment（6.17%）.Conclusion The indicator system of child neglect within 6 years was established.The system is practicable and effective.AHP can figure out scientific and a rational weight of factors by combining qualitative with quantitative analysis of expert＇s opinions.AHP is a methodology that can optimize analytic mode in cause study of child behavior problems.

关 键 词：儿童行为问题 影响因素 指标体系 层次分析法 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]