语言与国际关系:拓展政治分析的新视角  

Language and International Relations: A New Framework for Political Analysis

作　　者：刘永涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学美国研究中心

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2011年第7期44-56,156-157,共13页World Economics and Politics

基　　金："教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"(项目批准号:10YJAGJW010);"上海市教育委员会科研创新项目"(项目编号:11ZS10)的资助

摘　　要：语言在国际关系中发挥着重要作用。把语言学引入国际关系研究,为人们深入理解和说明世界政治提供了不同的视角。这一跨学科努力的学术意义和价值,除了有赖于语言视角在经验层面提供更多具有解释力的实证分析之外,还需要人们从理念上对语言视角给予适当的讨论和说明。在纷争繁杂的中外哲学传统里,至少有三种重要的语言观可以作为语言视角的哲学根基。它们是中国先秦时期的语言哲学、20世纪西方语言哲学以及马克思主义语言观。语言视角提出并强调了一组包括话语、文本、互为文本、语境、话语分析在内的基本概念,它们是从事话语政治研究的基本要素。语言视角还从本体论、认识论、方法论以及价值论方面,提出词语与世界政治之间密切联系的基本观点。从哲学基础、基本概念和学术观点方面探讨语言视角,旨在为国际关系学科的话语政治研究搭建一个基本分析框架,从理念上说明把语言学引入国际关系这一跨学科努力的学术价值和意义。Language plays important roles in international relations (IR). The 'linguistic turn' in IR studies has provided alternative perspectives in better understanding and explanation of world politics. In addition to the needs of increasing empirical studies with greater explanatory power in linguistic perspectives, theoretical and conceptual discussion and exploration are required to address the academic significance and value of applying linguistics to IR studies. Among the abundant and diverse intellectual world of language philosophies, at least three remarkable traditions can be traced as philosophical basis of the linguistic perspectives. They are philosophical viewpoints of language in ancient China, in the 20th century Europe, and in Marxist ideology. The linguistic perspective favors a set of concepts such as discourse, texts, intertextuals, contexts, and discourse analysis, which are taken as fundamental variables for discursive analysis of world politics. Like other perspectives, it holds academic assumptions that illuminate close relationship between words and worlds in ontological, epistemological, methodological and axiological terms. Putting language and IR together aims at constructing a new framework for discursive analysis of world politics, and highlighting the necessity of introducing linguistic perspectives into IR studies as an interdisciplinary effort.

关 键 词：国际关系 语言视角 话语政治 符号建构 权力场所 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学] D80[政治法律—政治学]