急性低压缺氧对人的感知觉能力的影响  

The effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on hum an perceptualperform ance

作　　者：万自立[1] 李学义[2] 傅川 吴兴裕 庄勇[1] 沈小凤 

机构地区：[1]西南航空公司成都飞行部,成都610202 [2]第四军医大学空军医学系,西安710032

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》1999年第3期167-170,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的　研究急性低压缺氧对人的感知觉能力的影响。　方法　用低压舱模拟２ ８００ ｍ 、３ ６００ ｍ 、４ ４００ ｍ 三个高度的急性缺氧暴露１ ｈ，考察１８ 名健康男性青年对长度判断、图案比较、数字检索等测验绩效的变化。　结果　以３００ ｍ 高度所测参数作为正常对照值，２ ８００ ｍ 缺氧暴露１ ｈ，长度判断的综合绩效已低于对照值（Ｐ＜ ０．０５），３ ６００ ｍ 暴露１ ｈ 各项测验的反应时间明显延长（Ｐ＜ ０．０１），综合绩效显著降低。但图案比较和数字检索测验的错误率无显著改变（Ｐ＞ ０．０５），４ ４００ ｍ 暴露１ ｈ 各项测试的综合绩效进一步降低。错误率也显著增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。　结论　２ ８００ ｍ高度的低压缺氧即对感知觉能力产生一定负面影响，且随着高度的增加进一步加重。Objective To investigate the effects ofacute m oderate hypobaric hypoxia on hu- m an perceptualperform ance. Methods Eighteen healthy youngm en served as subjects.The tests oflength discrim ination,pattern com parison and tw o-digitsearch w ere done during exposure to 300 m (control),2 800 m ,3 600 m and 4 400 m altitude in a hypobaric cham ber. Results Com pared to controlgroup, only the perform ance of length discrim ination decreased significantly(P< 0.05) after exposure to 2 800 m for 1 h. The reaction tim e ofalltests w as increased significantly(P< 0.01) and perform ance decreased after exposure to 3 600 m for 1 h;but the error rates of pattern com parison and tw o-digitsearch had no significantchange(P> 0.05). Perform ances ofalltests w ere further de- creased during exposure to 4 400 m (P< 0.01), and error rate becam e increased significantly(P < 0.05). Conclusions Altitude hypoxia exposure to as low as 2 800 m m ay produce negative ef- fects on perceptualperform ance. As the altitude getting higher,the effects becam e m ore prom inant. The thresholds ofshow ing negative effectofdifferentindexes w ere notthe sam e.

关 键 词：急性低压缺氧 感知觉 人体工效学 

分 类 号：R852.11[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]