湖南省2006-2009年人感染高致病性禽流感病毒（H5N1）分子特征研究  

Molecular characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A （H5N1） viruses isolated from humans in Hunan province, 2006-2009

作　　者：黄一伟[1] 董丽波[2] 李俊华[1] 刘运芝[1] 高立冬[1] 张红[1] 陈长[1] 胡世雄[1] 李芳彩[1] 舒跃龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,长沙410005 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2011年第7期709-715,共7页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题（2008ZX10004-013）;湖南省卫生厅科研基金课题（A2007008）;感谢湖南省疾病预防控制中心参与此项调查研究人员的辛勤工作和大力支持

摘　　要：目的分析湖南省2006--2009年4例人感染高致病性禽流感病例感染病毒的可能来源、基因重配情况以及分子特征。方法鸡胚分离核酸检测H5N1病毒阳性标本，获得高致病性H5N1病毒，对病毒进行全基因组序列测定，采用BLAST和MEGA4．0进行同源性比对、基因进化分析和各基因分子特征分析。结果4株病毒的基因片段均为禽源，并未发现与人季节性流感病毒之间发生重配，且与当地禽类中分离的病毒高度同源。全基因组进化树分析显示，4株病毒在分支2．3．4中，2株为基因型V、2株为新的基因型。分子特征分析显示，4株病毒的血凝素（HA）分子裂解位点均为PLRERRKR／G，均出现A160T位点突变，神经氨酸酶（NA）分子49～68位均出现20个氨基酸（aa）缺失，非结构蛋白1（NS1）分子80～84位均出现5个aa的缺失。在HA分子大部分位点，4株病毒仍然表现出与禽类受体的亲和性，HN／I／09和HN／2／09出现可能使病毒对α-2，6连接的唾液酸人类受体的亲和性增强的T1921突变。HN／1／08的PB2基因出现增加小鼠致病力的D701N改变。耐药性基因片段分析显示，4株病毒对金刚烷胺和奥司他韦均敏感。结论2006—2009年湖南省4株人感染高致病性禽流感病毒（H5N1）为禽源，但存在多种基因型，而且发生了部分位点的突变：Objective To understand the possible origins, genetic re-assortment and molecular characterization of 4 highly pathogenic avian influenza A （H5N1） viruses isolated from humans in Hunan province, between 2006 and 2009. Methods H5N1 PCR test-positive specimens were inoculated in embryonated eggs while H5N1 virus was isolated and genomes sequenced. Genome homology and genetic molecular characterization were analyzed by BLAST and MEGA 4.0. Results All gene segments of the 4 viruses were avian in origin. No re-assortment was found between avian influenza A （H5N1） viruses and human seasonal influenza viruses. Viruses that isolated from domestic poultry shared high similarity with the 4 human viruses in gene homology. Data from the whole genome phylogenetic analysis showed that the 4 viruses were in clade 2.3.4, while 2 viruses belonged to genotype V, and another 2 were new genotypes. Results from molecular characterization showed that amino acid sequences of HA cleavage site of the 4 viruses were PLRERRKR/G. All 4 viruses had A160T mutation in HA, a 20 amino acid deletion in the neuraminidase （NA） stalk at position 49-68, and a 5 amino acid deletion in the non-structural protein 1 （NS1）. Most sites in the HA molecules showed that the viruses preferentially bound to avian influenza virus receptor. However, T192I mutation that might enhance the u 2, 6-1inked sialic acid human influenza receptor binding had emerged in HN/1/09 and HN/2/09. D701N mutation of PB2 that increased the virulence in mice was found in HN/1/08. Analysis on drug resistance gene amino acid showed that all 4 viruses were sensitive to amantadine and oseltamivir. Conclusion Highly pathogenic avian influenza A （H5N1） viruses isolated from humans in Hunan province from 2006 to 2009 were avian in origin, and the 4 viruses belonged to different genotypes. Some mutations that related to virulence and receptor binding positions had emerged in some of the strains.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒H5N1 基因特性 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]