含能黏合剂聚2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯的合成与性能  

Energetic Binder Poly(2,2-Dinitrobutyl Acrylate):Synthesis,Structure and Properties

作　　者：张公正[1] 李海华[1] 黄云霞[1] 赵姗[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化工与环境学院,北京100081

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2011年第6期737-740,共4页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院联合基金资助项目(10676003)

摘　　要：以1-硝基丙烷为原料,经过氧化硝化和羟甲基化反应合成了2,2-二硝基-1-丁醇.2,2-二硝基丁醇与丙烯酸进行酯化反应得到2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯.以2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯为单体,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,甲苯为溶剂,按自由基聚合机理,合成了含能黏合剂聚2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯,确定了2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯的均聚动力学.用FTIR,1 HNMR,TG,DSC等方法表征了聚2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯的结构和热性能.结果表明,2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯均聚速率方程为Rp=k[M1].27[I]0.63,说明链终止为单基终止和双基终止并存.聚2,2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯热分解峰温为260℃,质量损失21%.2, 2-Dinitro-l-butanol was obtained using 1-nitropropane as a raw material through the reaction of the oxidative-nitration and methylolation. 2,2-Dinitrobutyl acrylate was prepared from 2,2- dinitro-1-butanol and acrylic acid through direct esterification. The energetic binder poly （2, 2- dinitrobutyl acrylate） was synthesized by the free radical polymerization of 2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate in toluene and using azobisiosbutyronitrile as initiator. The polymerization rate equation was determined experimentally. The structure and thermal properties of poly （2, 2-dinitrobutyl acrylate） were also characterized by the methods of FTIR, 1↑HNMR, TG, DSC. The results show that the polymerization rate equation for 2, 2 dinitrobutyl acrylate is Rr, = k [M]^1.27 [I]0.63, which displays that the chain termination reaction is the coexistence mode of mono- and bi molecular termination, and the initiating process is dependent on monomer concentration. The thermal decomposition temperature of poly （2,2- dinitrobutyl acrylate） is 260 C with mass loss of 21G.

关 键 词：含能黏合剂 偕二硝基化合物 自由基聚合 2 2-二硝基丁基丙烯酸酯均聚物 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工] V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]