铜、锌、镉对固定态和悬浮态小球藻的除磷效果比较  

Comparative Study on the Effects of Copper,Zinc and Cadmium on Phosphate Removal by Immobilized and Suspended Chlorella pyrenoidosa

作　　者：李川[1] 许鹏成[1,2] 薛建辉[1] 刘栋[1,3] 郭延凯[1,4] 张薇[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,江苏南京210037 [2]华北电力大学能源与环境研究院,北京102206 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第7期798-806,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2008BAJ0B04);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(200904001-3)

摘　　要：采用海藻酸钙凝胶包埋固定,对人工污水进行静态模拟净化试验,研究了在pH为4,5,6,7和8的条件下,无重金属及ρ(Cu2+),ρ(Zn2+)和ρ(Cd2+)分别为0.05,0.5和5 mg/L时,固定态和悬浮态蛋白核小球藻对污水中磷的净化效率.结果表明:①相对于悬浮态,固定态小球藻由于海藻酸钠的包埋稳定性较强,磷的去除率较高;②小球藻磷的去除率受ρ(重金属)影响,随着ρ(重金属)的升高,磷的去除率降低,重金属产生的胁迫作用增强;③Cu2+对固定态和悬浮态小球藻的胁迫作用较Zn2+和Cd2+大,而Zn2+和Cd2+对固定态和悬浮态小球藻的胁迫作用随着ρ(重金属)的变化而有所差异;④pH对小球藻磷的去除率的影响随重金属种类、质量浓度及时间的变化而不同,Zn2+和Cd2+存在时,小球藻磷的去除率最高一般出现在pH为8的弱碱条件下,而Cu2+存在时小球藻磷的去除率受pH的影响差异不显著(P>0.05).The efficiency of phosphate removal by immobilized and suspended Chlorella pyrenoidosa entrapped in cadmium alginate was studied.The experiment was conducted in a laboratory and was based on settled synthetic wastewater with pH ranging from 4 to 8,and copper,zinc,cadmium mass concentrations of 0,0.05,0.5 and 5 mg/L.The results showed that：（1） Compared to the suspended state,the immobilized Chlorella had higher phosphorus removal efficiency due to greater stability of the encapsulation of sodium alginate.（2） The effects of the heavy metals on the phosphorus removal efficiency depended on the heavy metal concentrations.As the heavy metal concentrations increased,the phosphorus removal efficiency decreased and the negative influence was enhanced.（3） Cu2＋ exerted bigger negative influence on the phosphorus removal efficiency of the immobilized and suspended Chlorella than Zn2＋ and Cd2＋.The negative influence on the immobilized and suspended Chlorella caused by Zn2＋ and Cd2＋ differed somewhat according to heavy metal concentration variation.（4） The effect of pH on the phosphorus removal efficiency was dependent on the heavy metal type,concentration and time.With the existence of Zn2＋ and Cd2＋,the highest phosphorus removal efficiency of Chlorella was generally present under weak alkaline conditions,especially pH up to 8,while the effect of pH on the phosphorus removal efficiency of Chlorella with the existence of Cu2＋ showed a non-significant difference（P〉0.05）.

关 键 词：重金属 蛋白核小球藻 磷的去除率 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]