抗辐射加固的皮卫星用实时操作系统设计  

Design of radiation-hardened real-time operating system for pico-satellites

作　　者：杨牧[1] 王昊[1] 张钰[1] 郑伟[1] 郑阳明[1] 金仲和[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学信息与电子工程学系,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2011年第6期1021-1026,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：高等学校全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目(200035);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-06-0514)

摘　　要：针对皮卫星及其星载计算机不同于大型航天器的需求与软、硬件体系结构,提出一种具有抗辐射加固功能的实时操作系统(RTOS)设计.该操作系统的内核、文件系统、协议栈及相应应用编程接口的设计采用了精简的结构与功能,以及有针对性的可靠性技术;同时,面向操作系统自身、处理器与外设寄存器,以及存储器,设计了基于存储器加固、操作系统自检与硬件监测的抗辐射加固与故障检测、隔离、恢复机制.提高了星载计算机和皮卫星的可靠性.测试与试验验证表明,该操作系统功能正确,性能满足需求,抗辐射特性有效,资源消耗符合I级降额要求.目前,该操作系统已被应用于某皮卫星型号.The design of a radiation-hardened real-time operating system（RTOS） that fits the requirements and software and hardware architectures of pico-satellites and their on-board computers（OBC） those are different from large spacecrafts was proposed.Simplified structures and functions,and pertinent reliability enhancing technologies were introduced to the kernel,file system,protocol stack,and application programming interfaces design of the RTOS.In the meantime,radiation hardening and fault detection,isolation and recovery mechanisms based on memory hardening,operating system（OS） self-inspection and hardware monitoring were designed to orient to the RTOS itself,registers of CPU and external devices,and memories,in order to improve the reliability of the OBC and satellites where it embeds.Tests and experiments show that the RTOS possesses correct functionality,sufficient performance,effective radiation-hardening scheme and resource consumption that comply with 1st degree derating.Currently,the RTOS has been put to use on a pico-satellite product model.

关 键 词：皮卫星 星载计算机 实时操作系统 单粒子事件 抗辐射加固 可靠性设计 可靠性增长 故障处理 

分 类 号：TP316.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] V474.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]