水力喷砂射孔喷嘴的数值模拟及试验研究  

Numerical and Experimental Study for Convergent Nozzles of Hydraulic Sand-Blasting Perforation

作　　者：葛兆龙[1] 卢义玉[1] 左伟芹[1] 夏彬伟[1] 赵艳萍[1] 汤积仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2011年第3期119-123,共5页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委创新群体基金(50621403);重庆市杰出青年基金(CSTC;2009BA6047);重庆大学研究生科技创新基金项目(201005B1B0010342)

摘　　要：针对收缩型喷嘴内部结构长径比（直线段长度与直径的比值）严重影响出口射流的冲蚀性能这一关键问题,研究了喷嘴内部射流加速机理,得出长径比是影响喷嘴出口射流速度的最主要因素之一;针对工程中5吋套管常用喷嘴结构,选取不同喷嘴直径和直线段长度,利用FLUENT软件计算了35组模型（直线段长度为6~12 mm,直径为4~6 mm）,结果表明：射流速度最大时喷嘴长径比存在一个最佳值,本次计算射流出口速度最大时长径比为1.8;实验室按照数值计算模型加工35个不同长径比喷嘴,利用粒子图像测速系统（PIV）进行非接触式试验,分析实验结果,揭示了长径比对喷嘴出口射流性能的影响规律,验证5吋套管常用喷嘴（总长度为17 mm、收缩角30°）出口射流最大时对应的长径比1.8,试验结果与数值模拟一致.Aiming at the key problem that length-diameter ratio of convergent nozzle seriously affected erosion capability of water jet,acceleration mechanism of water jet within the jet nozzles is studied and length-diameter ratio of nozzle is the main factor to affect the acceleration of water jet.According to the structure of 5-inch casing the most commonly used nozzles in engineering,selecting the line segment length of 6～12 mm,a diameter of 4～6 mm.Numerical calculations were conducted for 35 group-type of convergent ejector nozzles by the FLUENT software.The results show that there is an optimum length-diameter ratio value for nozzles.Align to these calculations,when length-diameter ratio reaches 1.8,jet velocity is maximum.Different types of nozzles are machined following the numerical calculation model in the laboratory.Non-contact tests are done by the PIV.Testing results are consistent with numerical simulation results.It reveals the reasons that impact the jet acceleration performance under the different length-diameter ratios.

关 键 词：射孔 喷嘴 长径比 数值模拟 PIV 

分 类 号：TE934[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]