不同项目运动员身体成分特征  

Body Composition of Different Kinds of Athletes

作　　者：马俊[1] 张霈[2] 杨丽然[3] 胡晓彦[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学体育学院,重庆400045 [2]河北工业大学体育部,天津300130 [3]兰州大学体育部,甘肃兰州730000 [4]石家庄邮电职业技术学院,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2011年第6期125-127,130,共4页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同项目运动员身体成分的特征,以期为运动员选材和训练提供科学依据。方法:采用韩国Biospace公司生产的生物电阻抗身体成分测试仪,对河北体育学院、河北师范大学体育学院一级及以上187名(男子107人,女子80人)不同项目运动员进行测试。结果:男子体脂率:柔道>投掷>排球>篮球>短跑>中长跑运动员;女子体脂率:柔道>投掷>篮球>排球>短跑>中长跑运动员。男子肌肉比例:中长跑>短跑>篮球>排球>投掷>柔道运动员;女子肌肉比例:中长跑>短跑>排球>篮球>投掷>柔道运动员。男子、女子水分比例排列相同:篮球>柔道>排球>短跑>投掷>中长跑运动员。男子蛋白质比例:投掷>柔道>短跑>排球>篮球>中长跑运动员;女子蛋白质比例:投掷>柔道>短跑>篮球>排球>中长跑运动员。结论:不同项目运动员身体成分差异较大,可以把体成分的构成作为运动员选材和指导训练的参考依据。Purpose To analyze the characteristic of body composition in different kinds of athletes to provide the guidance for athletes selection and training.Methods Body composition are measured by Bioelectric Impedance Test Instrument （InBody3.0, Biospace company, Korea） to learn the characteristic of 187 athletes （107 male and 80 female） from different kinds of sports in Rank I in department of physical education in Hebei Normal University and Hebei Physical Education University. Results In males, the body fat ratio ranged as the following sequence： judo 〉 throwing 〉 volleyball 〉 basketball 〉 sprint 〉 middle-distance race. In females, judo 〉 throwing 〉 basketball 〉 volleyball 〉 sprint 〉 middle-distance race. In terms of the muscle mass： middle-distance race 〉 sprint 〉 basketball 〉 volleyball 〉 throwing 〉 judo in males; middle-distance race 〉 sprint 〉 volleyball 〉 basketball 〉 throwing 〉 judo in females. There are no difference in water capacity between males and females, ranged by basketball 〉 judo 〉 volleyball 〉 sprint 〉 throwing 〉 middle-distance race. In terms of protein mass, throwing 〉 judo 〉 sprint 〉 volleyball 〉 basketball 〉 middle-distance race in males; throwing 〉 judo 〉 sprint 〉 basketball 〉 volleyball 〉 middle-distance race in females. Conclusion There are significance differences in body composition in different kinds of athletes. Body compo- sition can be reference and guidance for athlete selection and training.

关 键 词：运动员 项目 身体成分 比较 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]