超级稻穗颈节伤流强度与籽粒灌浆有效含水量昼夜变化规律  

Diurnal Changes of the Bleeding Intensity at Neck-panicle Node and the Effective Water Content in Filling Grains in Super Rice

作　　者：吕强[1,2] 赵全志[3] 彭廷[3] 熊瑛[2] 杜相革[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471003 [3]河南农业大学河南省作物生长发育调控重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第5期106-110,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"水稻穗颈节液流强度对弱势籽粒充实的作用机理"(30471018);河南省杰出青年基金"稻米品质活体监测技术研究"(0512001900)

摘　　要：以超级稻两优培九为材料,采用大田栽培,从"源-流-库"角度研究灌浆盛期水稻主茎穗颈节伤流强度与籽粒灌浆有效含水量昼夜变化规律及其相互关系。结果表明,水稻穗位不同的强、弱势籽粒灌浆有效含水量及穗颈节伤流强度在一昼夜中均呈"V"字型趋势变化,强势籽粒灌浆有效含水量最大值出现与穗颈节伤流强度同步,而最小值滞后2h,弱势籽粒灌浆有效含水量最大值出现滞后穗颈节伤流强度2h,最小值二者同步,强势籽粒高效灌浆时间长于弱势籽粒;强(弱)势籽粒的灌浆有效含水量与穗颈节伤流强度呈极显著的直线(指数)相关关系,弱势籽粒灌浆有效含水量在一昼夜各个时段均高于强势籽粒,尤其在低籽粒含水量条件下,弱势籽粒含水量随穗颈节伤流强度变化比强势籽粒大。可见,弱势籽粒库容活性更易受到源物质供应能力的影响,强弱势籽粒对源物质供应能力反应的不同步是造成其粒质量和品质差异的一个主要原因;本研究表明,采取栽培措施适当降低籽粒灌浆有效含水量,应当可提高弱势籽粒竞争同化产物的能力,促进弱势籽粒灌浆充实。The diurnal changes and their relationship of the bleeding intensity at neck-panicle node and the effective water content in filling grains were investigated in the field during peak filling period,using super hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu as investigative material.The results showed that,（i） The effective filling water content in the superior or inferior grains located at the different position in a panicle and the bleeding intensity at neck-panicle node showed diurnal variation of the ＂V＂ curve trend.The maximum effective water content in the superior grains occurred simultaneously with the bleeding intensity at neck-panicle node,while the minimum delayed 2 h,but the inferior grain showed the opposite trend.The effective filling time in superior grains was longer than that in inferior grains.（ii）A significant linear（exponential） relationship existed between the effective filling water content in the superior（inferior） grains and the bleeding intensity at neck-panicle node.The effective water content in rice inferior grains was bigger than the superior grains at every period during the whole day and night,and greater difference occurred between them especially under the low effective filling water content conditions.These results revealed that the sink activity of rice inferior grains was more easily influenced by the supply capacity of source assimilation material,one of the major causes on the differences of grain weight and quality between superior and inferior grains was asynchronous to respond the supply capacity of source material.This study suggested that the ability to compete assimilate could be increased and the filling of inferior grains could be improved by reducing appropriately the effective water content in filling grains using cultivation measures.

关 键 词：超级稻 穗颈节 伤流强度 籽粒灌浆 有效含水量 昼夜变化 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]