快速检测、抗原-抗体联合酶联检测和集合核酸检测在MSM人群HIV-1检测中的应用研究  

Application of rapid test,combined HIV antigen/antibody EIA and pooled PCR in the detection of HIV-1 among MSM

作　　者：韩梅[1] 冯连贵[1] 蒋岩[2] 潘品良[2] 赵金扣 凌华[1] 丁贤斌[1] 张敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,400042 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心国家艾滋病参比实验室,北京100206 [3]比尔及梅琳达.盖茨基金会北京代表处,100027

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2011年第11期1185-1186,共2页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：卫生部艾滋病防治应用型研究项目(WA-2007-03);国家"十一五"重大专项艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治项目(2008ZX10102)

摘　　要：目的比较快速检测(胶体硒)和抗原-抗体联合酶联检测(4代酶联检测)以及集合核酸检测对男男同性恋人群(MSM)HIV急性感染的检验效能。方法结合该市2008年男男同性恋人群HIV感染专项调查工作,应用快速检测、4代酶联检测对接受调查的2 165例MSM进行HIV抗体初筛,对结果阴性者进行集合核酸检测,直至找到急性期感染者;对不同方法的检测成本进行估算,比较发现1例感染者的性价比。结果快速检测和4代酶联检测应用于MSM人群HIV筛查时,分别存在7.6%和2.9%的漏检率。本次调查使用集合核酸检测共发现10例急性期感染者。使用快速检测、4代酶联检测发现1例感染者的成本分别为48.8、50.5元,使用集合核酸检测发现1例急性期感染者的成本为7 380.2元。结论 4代酶联检测与快速检测成本接近,但前者功效更高,应该成为目前针对MSM人群HIV检测策略的组成部分,集合核酸检测应成为必要的补充,在该市MSM人群中使用上述方法的成本低于国外同类报道。Objective To compare the efficiency of rapid test（electroselenium）,combined HIV antigen/antibody EIA（the 4th generation EIA） and POOL-PCR in the detection of acute HIV infection among men who have sex with men（MSM）. Methods During the surveys among MSM,2 165 cases of MSM were detected by rapid test and the 4th generation EIA and cases with negative detection results were detected by POOL-PCR to find cases with acute infection. The detection cost was estimated to compare the efficiency/cost ratio of different methods to discovering one confirmed case. Results The omission factors of rapid test and the 4th generation EIA were 7.6% and 2.9 % respectively. 10 cases with acute HIV infection were found by using POOL-PCR. The costs were about 48.8,50.5, and 7 380.2 RMB for rapid test, the 4th generation EIA and POOL-PCR to discover one case with acute HIV infection. Conclusion The 4th generation EIA and POOL PCR should be an important supplement in HIV screening among MSM. The cost of the detection methods, mentioned above, when performed among the MSM in Chongqing,is much less than overseas reports.

关 键 词：HIV抗体 男男性行为者 急性期感染 快速诊断 抗原-抗体联合酶联检测实验 集合核酸检测 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]