渔引与“乾标”——清代前中期广东渔盐配给制度的形成  

Fishing Licence and "Qian Mark"——Formation of Salt Rationing System in Guangdong during Period of Early and Middle Qing Dynasty

作　　者：杨培娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史系博士后流动站

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2011年第2期3-10,共8页Salt Industry History Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(09BZS052);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(09YJC770019)研究成果之一

摘　　要：在传统时代,渔获的保存依赖于盐,有"无盐则无渔"之说。自明代中期以后,随着东南沿海地区渔业生产技术的改革,渔获量增加,渔业用盐的需求急剧上升,从明代中期到清代中前期,沿海地区逐渐形成一套系统的渔盐配给制度,在广东即称"渔引"。本文尝试梳理清代广东渔盐配给制度的形成过程,探讨清王朝典章制度的确立与沿海地方社会的实际生产、生活状态之间存在的复杂互动关系。In traditional times,the preservation of fish depended on salt,there was a saying of ＂no salt,no fishing＂.Since after mid Ming Dynasty,along with the reform of fisheries in southeast coast,fish productive quantity was increased,meanwhile fishing salt demand was increased.From mid-Ming to Qing Dynasty,a whole set of salt rationing system was gradually formed in costal regions.In Guangdong,it was called ＂Fishing Licence＂.This paper attempts to sort out the formation of rationing system of Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty and probes into the establishment of Kingdoms＇ institutions with the relation to local actual production and their social life.

关 键 词：清代 广东 渔盐配给 渔引 乾标 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]