玉米平作耕层水热动态及其节能减排效益分析  

Analysis of Topsoil Water-heat Dynamic and Energy-saving and Pollution-reducing on Flatten Cultivation Maize

作　　者：钱春荣[1] 刘英杰[2] 李怀庆[2] 于洋[1] 赵杨[1] 杨忠良[3] 王俊河[1] 宫秀杰[1] 姜宇博[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]沈阳军区富裕农副业基地,黑龙江富裕161232 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院五常水稻研究所,黑龙江五常150229

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2011年第7期22-25,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2009CB118601);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(200903001-06-5);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资助项目(2009RFQYN101)

摘　　要：为发展低碳农业、探讨玉米低碳高产耕作栽培技术对保障粮食安全的影响,通过田间大区对比试验,对玉米平作与垄作耕层土壤温度、水分及产量进行了比较分析。结果表明:玉米生长前期,田间尚未封垄时如遇干旱,平作较垄作更有利于蓄水保墒,抵御干旱。中耕之后,平作与垄作土壤含水量没有显著差异;平作耕层土壤温度上升或下降幅度均小于垄作,平作较垄作能更好地抵御低温或高温危害;玉米平作与垄作产量上没有显著差异。调查数据表明,玉米平作比常规垄作节约柴油22.2 L.hm-2。推广应用平作技术是应对气候变化、发展低碳农业的一项有效技术措施。In order to develop low-carbon agriculture,discuss the effect of maize low-carbon cultivation technology on food security,the large-plot contrast test was conducted to analyze the topsoil temperature and moisture dynamic and compare yield of flatten and ridge cultivation maize.The result showed that at the early growth stage when the field not covered by leaves flatten topsoil was more beneficial to moisture conservation than that of ridge one.After inter-tillage there was no difference in moisture content between flatten and ridge topsoil.Topsoil temperature of flatten field rose or went down slowly than ridge so flatten field could resist chilling and heat damage better than ridge one.There was no difference in yield between flatten and ridge cultured maize.Flatten culturing could save diesel oil about 22.2 L·hm-2 according to survey data.Flatten cultured maize will be an effective technical measure for low carbon agriculture to deal with climate change.

关 键 词：玉米 平作 耕层 水热动态 节能减排 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]