微波辅助法降解废弃电路板中非金属粉体的最佳工艺条件  

Study on Degrading the Nonmetal Powder in Waste Printed Circuit Boards with Microwave Method

作　　者：孙蓉[1] 燕文清[1] 刘君玉[1] 王炼 康明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学四川省非金属复合与功能材料重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]四川长虹工程技术中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2011年第2期36-39,共4页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10976023);西南科技大学研究生创新基金(09ycjj15)

摘　　要：通过微波辅助法降解废弃电路板非金属粉体,采用扫描电镜观察降解程度,并根据单因素实验和正交实验确定出最佳工艺条件为:降解时间8 h,投料比10 g/100 mL,微波功率800 W,反应温度80℃,硝酸浓度40%。采用凝胶色谱仪分析出降解后溶液中有机物分子量主要分布在100～1 000之间,这些有机分子还可通过分馏萃取等手段进一步回收,分离出的玻璃纤维可以用作复合材料的增强剂。In this paper, the nonmetallic powder in waste printed circuit boards （PCBs） was degradated by the microwave method. The degradation effect was observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and the optimal technological conditions were confirmed by the single factor experiment and orthogonal ex- periment. The optimal degradation time, dosing ratio, microwave power, reaction temperature and nitric acid concentration was 8 h, 10 g/100 mL, 80 ℃ ,800 W and 40%, respectively. Molecular-weight of organic compounds in the degradation solution was charaterizated by high performance gel permeation chromatography （HPGC）. The result shows that the molecular weight distribution is mainly the 100- 1000. The organic compounds was recovered by fractional distilation, extraction, and so on. The glass fibers separated from the PCBs was used as intensifier in the composite materials.

关 键 词：废弃电路板 微波法 降解工艺条件 废物利用 

分 类 号：X76[环境科学与工程—环境工程]