局部化控夏玉米冠层结构、荧光特性及产量研究  

Effects of Partial Spraying of Plant Growth Regulator on Canopy Structure,Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristic and Yield of Summer Maize(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：边大红[1] 张瑞栋[1] 段留生[1] 李建民[1] 李召虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院农学系,农业部农作制度开放实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《华北农学报》2011年第3期139-145,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A15);“863”计划项目(2006AA10A213)

摘　　要：以半紧凑型玉米品种金海5号为试验材料,在高、低两密度条件下,拔节期采用局部化控方式塑造玉米冠层,并研究了该冠层结构特征及对叶绿素荧光特性和产量的影响。结果表明:局部化控处理后化控部分植株变矮,穗下部节间变短(穗位下降)、穗上部节间变长、基部节间增粗,使玉米群体形成"波式"冠层的同时,群体LAI增大且持续时间较长,冠层中下部透光条件改善,使冠层内叶片保持较高叶绿素含量和PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)及PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm),并使单位面积穗数和粒重增加,表现出比对照明显的增产效果。Canopy structure has strong effects on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic and grain yield in maize（Zea mays L.） production.In this paper,the effects of partial spraying of plant growth regulator（PGR）,which was sprayed at initial stage of stem elongation at intervals of three lines,were studied on canopy structure,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield characters using a half-compact maize variety,Jinhai 5.The results showed that the plants sprayed PGR had lower plant heights,shorter lengths of internodes under ear,longer lengths of internodes above ear and thicker diameters of basal stems.Therefore,compared to the control plants,a′waving′ canopy was shaped in the treatment sprayed PGR partially.It is found that the ′waving′ canopy could obviously improve light permeating conditions in the middle and lower layers,increase leaf area index and hold longer duration,keep higher chlorophyll content,PS Ⅱ potential activity（Fv/Fo） and chloroplast PS Ⅱ photochemical efficiency,and result in an increase of ear number per area,100-grain weight and yield.

关 键 词：局部化控 “波式”冠层 叶面积指数 透光率 叶绿素荧光参数 产量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]