烧结机头电除尘灰中钾的脱除及利用其制备硫酸钾  

Removal of Potassium and Preparation of Potassium Sulfate from Sintering EAF Dust

作　　者：刘宪[1,2] 蒋新民 杨余[1] 沈毅[2] 杨运泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化工学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湘潭钢铁集团有限公司,湖南湘潭411101

出　　处：《金属材料与冶金工程》2011年第3期40-45,57,共7页Metal Materials and Metallurgy Engineering

基　　金：湖南省科技攻关项目(2009SK4020);湘潭市科技攻关项目(ZX20093023)

摘　　要：以湘潭钢铁集团有限公司烧结机头电除尘灰为原料,在分析其理化性质的基础上,开发了采用水洗方法脱除烧结灰中钾元素并利用其制备硫酸钾的新工艺,研究了水洗脱钾过程中提高烧结灰-水体系分散性的方法。实验表明:加入与烧结灰质量比为2%的硫酸及2‰十六烷基溴化铵,可使烧结灰在水中良好分散;采用固/液比=1∶4、浸泡时间60 min、浸泡温度30℃,搅拌转速200 r/min条件对烧结灰进行水洗脱钾,钾的洗脱率可达98.70%;水洗脱钾溶液经NH4HCO3除杂、活性炭脱色净化、硫酸铵复分解反应、两步蒸发结晶可分别制得工业级硫酸钾、农用硫酸钾和氯化钾铵复合肥,钾资源的总回收率可达95.54%。该工艺的开发为钢铁企业烧结灰的碱金属元素除杂及其中钾资源的高效综合利用提供了一条新的技术途径。ABSTRACT： Based on sintering EAF dust physicochemical properties analysis, a new process for the removal of potassium from the dust by leaching and the preparation of potassium sulfate was developed. Meanwhile, the dust dispersion property in aqueous solution was investigated. The results showed that the dust suspension could well disperse aqueous solution by the addition of 2% sulfuric acid and 2%o CTAB. At leaching temperature 30 ~C, solid-liquid ratio I ：4 and stirring speed 200 rpm, 98.70% of the potassium could be extracted within 60 min. After purified by ammonium bicarbonate, decolorized by active carbon and added ammonium sulfate into the leaching liquor to carry out double decomposition reaction, and then by condensation and crystallization, industrial potassium sulfate, agricultural potassium sulfate and （K, NIL） Cl agricultural combined fertilizer were prepared. The total recovery of potassium in the sintering EFA dust reached 95.54%. The development of the process for the removal of alkali metal element in sintered ash and efficient utilization of potassium resources provided a new technology for iron and steel enterprises.

关 键 词：烧结电除尘灰 理化特性 分散性 脱钾 硫酸钾 

分 类 号：TQ131.13[化学工程—无机化工]