宣木瓜叶中生物活性物质的定性鉴别及提取工艺  

Qualitative identification and extraction technology of bioactive compounds in leaf of Chaenomeles speciosa S.Nakai

作　　者：丁之恩[1] 周根土[2] 殷彪[1] 寻华凤[1] 任琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省林业厅外资项目办公室,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《经济林研究》2011年第2期8-13,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"山核桃等经济林木生物活性成分及抗氧化特性研究"(30271100)

摘　　要：为了提高传统生产中被废弃的宣木瓜叶的利用价值,对宣木瓜叶提取物经显色及沉淀反应进行了定性鉴别,结果鉴定出了宣木瓜叶中含有生物碱、多酚、皂甙等活性物质;并以95%的乙醇回流提取宣木瓜叶中主要活性物质——齐墩果酸,采用正交试验方法,研究了提取齐墩果酸的最佳工艺。研究结果表明,其工艺优化条件为:料液比1∶12(g·mL-1)、提取时间6 h、提取温度60℃、提取次数2次。在此条件下,最高得率为23.258%。各因素对提取得率影响的主次顺序是:提取温度>提取次数>料液比>提取时间。提取纯度的最优条件为:料液比1∶8(g·mL-1)、提取时间6 h、提取温度20℃、提取次数1次。在此条件下,最高纯度为1.504%。各因素对提取纯度影响的主次顺序是:提取次数>提取温度>提取时间>料液比。并且,料液比、提取时间对提取得率均无显著影响,但提取温度对提取得率却有极显著的影响,提取次数对其也有显著的影响;料液比、提取时间、提取温度对提取纯度均无显著影响,但提取次数对其却有极显著的影响。In order to enhance value in use of Chaenomeles speciosa S.Nakai leaf,the bioactive compounds in leaf of C.speciosa S.Nakai was studied with color and precipitable reaction,and alkaloid,multi-phenolic,saponin were identified.Oleanolic acide（OA） was extracted,separated and purificated with 95% ethanol in orthogonality test.The results showed that the best extraction conditions were the ratio of materials to solution as 1∶12（g·mL-1）,extraction time of 6 h,temperature of 60 ℃,extraction 2 times.And the extraction yield was 23.258%.the best extraction and purity conditions were the ratio of materials to solution of 1∶8（g·mL-1）,extraction time of 6 h,temperature of 20 ℃,extraction 1 time.And the purity was 1.504%.The results showed that the ratio of materials to solution and extraction time did not have significant effect on the extraction yield,but extraction temperature and times had significant effect on the extraction yield.Meanwhile,the ratio of materials to solution and extraction temperature did not have significant effect on the extraction purity,but extraction times had significant effect on the extraction purity.

关 键 词：宣木瓜 活性物质 齐墩果酸 定性鉴别 提取工艺 

分 类 号：Q949.751.5[生物学—植物学]