粒料法合成不同相对分子质量和软段的聚氨酯分散体研究  

Study on synthesis of PUD with different molecular weights and soft chain segments by pelleting process

作　　者：徐祗正[1] 孙东成[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化学与化工学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国胶粘剂》2011年第6期5-9,共5页China Adhesives

基　　金：广东省省部产学研项目(2010B090400080);广东省科技攻关项目(2010B010800016)

摘　　要：以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为硬段、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水单体,采用粒料法合成了不同Mη(黏均相对分子质量)和不同软段的PU(聚氨酯)离聚物粒料,并制备了固含量约为40%的PUD(PU分散体)。结果表明:PU的Mη随R值[R=n(-NCO)/n(-OH)]增加呈先升后降态势;PU的Mη越高,PUD的平均粒径越小,粒径分布越窄,黏度越大;PUD粒子呈大小不一的球形结构,并且PU的Mη越高,PUD胶膜的拉伸强度越大;聚酯型PUD胶膜的拉伸强度大于聚醚型PUD,并且前者的软段和硬段之间相容性较好,而后者的软段和硬段之间因出现相分离现象而相容性较差;PUD胶膜的吸水率均不超过5.93%,说明其耐水性能优异。With isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI） as hard chain segment,dimethylolpropionic acid（DMPA） as hydrophilic monomer,the granular PU（polyurethane） ionomer with different Mη（viscosity-average molecular weight） and different soft chain segments was prepared by pelleting process,and the PUD（PU dispersoid） with solid content about 40% was prepared,too.The results showed that the Mη of PU had trend of rise-fall with increasing R values（namely molar ratio of-NCO to-OH）.The Mη of PU was higher,the PUD＇s average particle size was smaller,the particle size distribution was narrower,the viscosity was higher.The PUD＇s particles had polydisperse spherical structure,and the Mη of PU was higher,the tensile strength of PUD film was greater.The tensile strength of polyester PUD film was more than that of polyether PUD film,and the former was better but the latter was poor for the compatibility between soft chain segment and hard chain segment because the latter had microphase separation structure.The water resistances of PUD films were excellent because their water absorptions were not more than 5.93%.

关 键 词：粒料法 聚氨酯 离聚物 相对分子质量 软段 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]