英国对价制度的历史变迁与当代价值  

Historical Change and Contemporary Value of Consideration in England

作　　者：王延川[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学民商法学院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第4期67-74,共8页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"商法价值的科学发展与商事制度体系构建"(08CFX026)阶段性成果

摘　　要：对价是英国在16世纪为了因应变化的经济现实,从诉讼形式中发展出来的契约制度。作为契约成立的基本要素,它是英国契约法律制度的核心,作为理性的外化物,它具有客观性和形式主义等特点,适应了19世纪自由竞争经济的需要。20世纪以来,由于受社会公共政策和商业惯例等因素的影响,对价一度面临"危机",但这并未动摇对价制度在英国契约法中的核心地位。对价能在英国契约法历史上长久不衰的原因是对价在解释契约是否成立方面具有很强的优势。Consideration had developed from the Form of Action for the change of economic reality in 16th century.As the basic element of formation of contract,it is the core of English contract law.As the external symbol of reason,with the characteristics of objectivity and formalism,consideration can meet the needs of free competition in 19th century.In the 20th century,with the influence of public policy and commercial custom,consideration had been in crisis,but these couldn＇t change the core position of consideration in English contract law.The reason is that consideration has an interpretation of contract formation.

关 键 词：英国 对价 契约要素 合意 契约解释 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]