三峡水库运用对坝下游干流河道水文情势的影响研究  

Impact of TGP Operation on the Hydrologic Regime in the Downstream Main Channel of the Dam

作　　者：黄悦[1] 姚仕明[1] 卢金友[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院河流研究所,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院院长办公室,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2011年第7期76-81,共6页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-YW-08-01-02);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901004)

摘　　要：三峡水库调度运用改变坝下游水沙条件,会对坝下游河道水文情势产生影响。利用坝下游长河段一维水沙数学模型计算分析了丰水年、平水年与枯水年情况下三峡水库调度运用对坝下游干流河道沿程流量、水位及输沙量的影响。结果表明:枯水期与泄水期出库流量增加,坝下游沿程枯水位相应抬高;蓄水期下泄流量减少,同时期沿程水位下降;遇枯水年,水库蓄水使得坝下游来流量过小(10月下旬大通站平均流量小于9 000 m3/s);遇平水年蓄水期,中下游水位下降较多,沿程水位下降1.71～3.68 m,对坝下游河道的航运及供水等带来一定的影响。The operation of Three Gorges Project（TGP） changes the flow and sediment conditions in the downstream river channel of the dam,and will further affect the hydrologic regime of its downstream river channel.Using one-dimensional mathematical models of flow and sediment,the changes of flow,water level and sediment load influenced by TGP operation along the downstream main river during high,average and low flow years are respectively calculated and analyzed.Results reveal that the flow increases during low-water and water-discharging seasons,and the downstream streamwise low water level of the dam rises accordingly.During storage period the discharge flow decreases and streamwise water level drops.During a low-flow year,the impoundment of the reservoir causes an excessively small inflow into the downstream river channel of the dam（with the average discharge at Datong hydrometric station less than 9 000 m3/s in late October）.Whereas during the storage period of an average flow year,the water level at middle and lower Yangtze River drops substantially with the streamwise water level drop in the range of 1.71-3.68m,which influences the navigation and water supply in the downstream river channel of the TGP dam.

关 键 词：三峡工程 典型水文年 水文情势 数学模型 

分 类 号：TV12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]