13例新生儿气漏的病因分析和治疗  

Etiology Analysis and Therapy Discussion of 13 Newborn Air Leakage

作　　者：林小娟[1] 张志功[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院儿科医学中心,湖南长沙410006 [2]湖南省人民医院心胸外科,湖南长沙410006

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2011年第12期18-19,23,共3页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿气漏的病因、临床特点和诊断治疗。方法回顾性分析13例气漏患儿的临床资料,治疗使用中心静脉导管代替传统的穿刺针,一次性输液器延长管、灭菌输液瓶及中心负压吸引器组成的胸腔闭式引流装置代替胸管和传统的吸引装置进行闭式引流,呼吸机辅助呼吸。结果 13例气漏患儿中有7例患儿行胸腔闭式引流,中心静脉导管留置3～7d后,复查胸片,被压缩的肺组织基本复张。治愈10例,好转后放弃治疗1例,死亡2例,死亡率为15.4%。结论新生儿气漏死亡率较高,呼吸窘迫综合征是导致新生儿气漏发生的常见原因。治疗气漏的一个重要方法是行胸腔闭式引流,笔者所在科室使用中心静脉导管代替传统的胸管行引流治疗的方法,具有方法简单、引流效果理想、不易造成后期发育畸形、价格低廉等优点。Objective To investigate the cause of neonatal air leakage, the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. Methods Retrospective analyzes the clinical data of the newborns patients in the pediatric center. During treatment procedure central venous catheter is applied instead of traditional puncture needle. Sterile infusion extension tubes, infusion bottles and central suction device composed of closed thoracic drainage device instead of the conventional chest tube and suction apparatus for closed drainage, mechanical ventilation utilized. Results 13 patients had air leakage. 7 cases of children undergoing closed thoracic drainage, central venous catheters utilized for 3 to 7 days, and then the chest X-ray film is reviewed. 10 cases were cured, 1 patient give up treatment after improved,2 patients died with the mortality of 15.4%. Conclusion Neonatal mortality is high in air leakage, while neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a common cause of gas leakage. Closed thoracic drainage is an important treatment of air leakage. Utilization of central venous catheters to replace the traditional chest tube drainage during treatment is not only simple and cheap, easy care, not prone to blocked with satisfactory drainage results, but also less malformations in later development.

关 键 词：新生儿 气漏 胸腔闭式引流 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]