水电站工程弃渣场土壤侵蚀规律研究  

Research on Soil Erosion Rules in the Excavation Waste Dump of Hydropower Station Project

作　　者：陈瑜[1] 陈奇伯[1] 雷俊杰 张仕艳[1] 马炜[1] 韩彦军[1] 柳小强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程系,云南昆明650224 [2]金安桥水电站有限公司,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《亚热带水土保持》2011年第2期6-10,共5页Subtropical Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：西南林业大学重点科研基金项目(200509Z);云南省环境科学与工程创新人才联合培养基地项目(A3003015)

摘　　要：采用现场调查和定位观测等方法,对金安桥水电站工程弃渣场弃渣容重、粒径组成,原地貌和渣场绿化边坡、弃渣场松散堆积物边坡以及堆积平台和运渣道路的土壤侵蚀量进行了研究。结果显示:①弃渣场不同部位的渣土容重均值分别为1.70 g/cm3、1.30g/cm3和0.96g/cm3;②弃渣颗粒在剔除>2 cm石块后,粒径>4mm的弃渣颗粒所占比例为57.09%,比农田表层土壤高14.31%;③弃耕梯坪地和灌木林地的平均土壤侵蚀量分别为47.3 t/km2和114.2 t/km2;④覆土绿化坡面和绿化未覆土坡面的平均土壤侵蚀量分别为40.5 t/km2和74.6 t/km2;⑤弃渣堆积平台、无截排水措施的弃渣堆积边坡、有截排水措施的弃渣堆积边坡的土壤侵蚀量分别是原地貌平均侵蚀量的94倍、280倍和96倍。By using the methods of site investigation and local observation,the paper researched the bulk weight of the residue soil,the composition of residue particles,the amounts of soil erosion at the original physiognomy,greening slope,loose debris slope of dumpling pile and the residue stacking platform and residue transport access road in Jin-Anqiao hydropower station project respectively.The result shows： ①the mean values of the bulk weight of the residue in the different zones of excavation waste dump are 1.70 g/cm3,1.30 g/cm3 and 0.96 g/cm3,respectively;②After removing the stones of which the particle diameter 2 cm,the percentage of spoil particles diameter 4 mm is 57.09%,which is 14.31 % higher than that of the farmland surface soil;③The mean amounts of soil erosion at abandoned ladder platform and shrub land are 47.3 t/km2 and 114.2 t/km2,respectively;④The mean amounts of soil erosion at overburdened and non-overburdened greening slope are 40.5 t/km2 and 74.6 t/km2,respectively;⑤The amounts of soil erosion at the residue stacking platform and residue transport access road and non-cut drainage measure and cut drainage measure residue stacking side slope are 94,280 and 96 times more than the mean of amount of original physiognomy,respectively.

关 键 词：水电站 弃渣场 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]