倒伏超级稻割前摘脱台试验  

Experiments on stripping header for harvesting lodging super rice

作　　者：韩豹[1,2] 蒋亦元[1] 吴文福[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130025

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第6期90-94,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD11A03)

摘　　要：针对目前倒伏超级稻霜前机械化收获存在的问题,设计了一种新型气吸式摘脱台。为优化该摘脱台的设计、确定其关键参数最佳匹配,以倒伏型水稻割前摘脱总损失为评价指标,回收率为参考指标,对摘脱滚筒齿尖线速度、喂入速度、喂入口水平开度与喂入口风速等进行了单因素和正交试验。单因素试验表明:影响摘脱台损失的主要因素是喂入速度、摘脱滚筒齿尖线速度、喂入口风速和喂入口水平开度。正交试验表明:最佳组合为摘脱滚筒齿尖线速度23m/s,喂入速度0.9m/s,喂入口水平开度100mm与喂入口气流速度14m/s,割前收获顺向倒伏超级稻总损失1.52%。试验结果表明所设计的摘脱台满足倒伏超级稻收获要求,并为超级稻割前摘脱联合收割机摘脱台的设计提供依据。Lodging is one of the common and serious problems in rice production,and especially leads to difficult for the mechanization harvesting and large threshing losses for pre-frost lodging super rice.To solve this kind of problems,a new stripping header with air suction was developed.With postharvest loss rate （scattering loss,loss of grain in straw and un-threshed loss） and recovery efficiency of grain as judging index and referential index respectively,single factor test and orthogonal test,which contained factors of feeding velocity,linear velocity of stripping rotor with triangle plate teeth,inlet opening size and air-flow velocity,were used to optimize the design and confirm the optimal combination of the key parameters of the header.Single factor test showed that the major factors affecting stripping header losses were the feeding velocity,linear velocity of stripping rotor,horizontal opening and air-flow velocity of feeding mouth.Furthermore,orthogonal experiment results showed that the best scheme was： the linear velocity of stripping rotor was 23 m/s,feeding speed was 0.9 m/s,inlet air-flow velocity was 14 m/s and inlet opening size was 100 mm,the postharvest loss rate was 1.52%.The experimental results indicate that the stripping header can meet the requirements of stripping harvest for lodging super rice,and can provide a basis for design of stripping header of stripper harvester for lodging super rice.

关 键 词：收获机 试验 优化 摘脱收获 摘脱台 倒伏超级稻 

分 类 号：S225.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]