处理农村生活垃圾装置的研制及工艺  

Composting equipment design and technology for rural refuse disposal

作　　者：文国来[1] 王德汉[1] 李俊飞 邹璇[1] 孙艳军 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广州市番禺区环境科学研究所,广州511400

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第6期283-287,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：广州市番禺区科技局成果推广项目(2009-T-03-1)

摘　　要：为了探索农村生活垃圾的处理途径,该文研究了一种新型一体化处理生活垃圾的装置及工艺,以广州市番禺区猛涌村生活垃圾为研究对象,进行了2个月的中试试验。研制的堆肥装置分4个小仓,每个小仓容纳垃圾1.56m3,总容积6.24m3,抽风机功率为1.1kW/h,抽风频率为1d10次,每次30min,总时间为5h,每天总耗电量5.5kW,能耗低。通过12d高温发酵,24d编织袋二次发酵的处理方式,温度能达到60℃的天数在5d以上,出仓时减容约为40%,堆肥产品质量符合要求,且整个处理过程无二次污染,结果表明该装置及工艺可以用来处理农村生活垃圾,可充分做到垃圾减量化、无害化和资源化。The environmental risk caused by the rural refuse increasingly is proved to be a big issue because there is not enough place for landfill.A new kind of composting equipment and technology was studied for dealing with such a problem in this paper.The composting equipment,which is composed of 4 bins with 1.56 m3 volume of each bin,was tested for 2 months at the municipal solid waste transfer station at Mengyong village,Panyu district in Guangzhou.The power of exhaust fan was 1.1 kW/h,the operation frequency was 10 times per day,30 minutes per time,so the total operation time was 5 hours a day,the energy cost of the whole compost was 5.5kW.Through 12 days of high temperature fermentation followed by 24 days of bag fermentation,the temperature could be up to 60℃ for at least 5 days,the volume reduction rate of the rural refuse could reach up to 40% after 12 days,and there was no secondary pollution in the whole compost.The results showed that the composting equipment and technology was a feasible way to realize quantitative reduction,harmlessness and resources recovery of the rural refuse.

关 键 词：装置 工艺 堆肥 生活垃圾 减容率 减量 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]