氨化预处理对稻草厌氧消化产气性能影响  

Effects of ammoniation pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performance of rice straw

作　　者：马淑勍[1] 袁海荣[1,2] 朱保宁[1] 刘研萍[1] 邹德勋[1] 党锋[1] 庞云芝[1] 李秀金[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学资源与环境研究中心,北京100029 [2]北京市延庆县种植业服务中心,北京102100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第6期294-299,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"科技支撑项目:(2008BADC4B13/2008BADC4B14);常州社会发展科技计划项目:CS20090006

摘　　要：为了节省秸秆厌氧消化阶段另加N源调配营养的运行成本,同时又要保持良好产气效率。本试验选用氨化法对秸秆进行预处理,研究了不同浓度的氨对稻草厌氧消化产气性能的影响。以NH3·H2O为预处理药剂,按2%、4%、6%(相对于稻草的干质量)的NH3质量分数对稻草进行氨化,分别以50、65、80g/L3个不同负荷进行厌氧消化。结果表明:不同浓度的氨化预处理中,4%NH3氨化预处理效果最好。在65g/L负荷率下,4%NH3预处理的消化70d累积产气量为37010mL,消化产气量达总体积的90%(计T90)时产气量为33920mL,分别比未预处理稻草、2%和6%NH3预处理稻草T90时产气提高了38.3%、14.6%和8.2%,甲烷总产量分别提高了34.8%、15.1%和9.6%,比未预处理稻草同期(45d)累积产气量以及甲烷总产量分别提高了60.8%和60.3%,产气周期提前10d结束。消化后总固体(TS)、挥发性固体(VS)的减少量分别由41.6%和46.6%提高到了46.4%和58.6%,半纤维素和木质素质量分数分别由27.7%和6.9%减少到20.8%和5.2%,粗蛋白质量分数从4.0%提高到10.1%。本研究提供了一个有效地提高产气量的方法,研究结果将为大中型秸秆沼气工程提供设计依据。In order to provide N for the growth of microorganisms,reduce operating costs,and maintain efficiency gas production,ammonic pretreatments of straw were used.Effects of ammonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performance of rice straw were investigated.Four NH3 doses （0%,2%,4%,and 6%）,and three loading rates （50,65 and 80 g/L） were used.The rice straw was first pretreated by different doses of NH3.The results showed that pretreated rice straw achieved the best pretreatment results with the dose of 4%NH3.At the dose of 4% NH3 and loading rate of 65 g/L,the total biogas productions was 37010 mL on anaerobic digestion for 70 d,33920 mL yielded at the technical digestion time 90 d,which were 38.3%,14.6% and 8.2% respectively more than the untreated,2% NH3 and 6% NH3 pretreated rice straw at the same standard,and total methane production increased by 34.8%,15.1% and 9.6%,respectively.Total biogas and total methane were 60.8% and 60.3% more than the untreated at the same time （45 d）.Anaerobic digestion time was decreased by 10 days.Accordingly the reductions in total solids and volatile solids were increased from 41.6% and 46.6% to 46.4% and 58.6%,respectively.Compared to untreated rice straw,hemicellulose and lignin of NH3 pretreated rice straw were decreased from 27.7% and 6.9% to 20.8% and 5.2%,the crude protein of rice straw was significantly improved from 4.0% to 10.1%.This experimental study can provide an effective way to improve gas production,and provide guideline for designing straw biogas plant.

关 键 词：厌氧消化 氨化 秸秆 预处理 稻草 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TK6[农业科学—农业工程]