液动射流式冲击器结构设计及试验研究  

The structural design and experimental study of the jet-type hydro-hammer

作　　者：张海平[1] 索忠伟[1] 陶兴华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2011年第7期1-3,5,共3页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目"高效破岩冲击器的研制及旋冲破岩工艺技术研究"(2006AA06A109)

摘　　要：旋冲钻井用液动射流式冲击器焊镶和粘接部位极易开裂导致泄漏、卸压,缸体上、下腔工作压力建立不起来,造成冲击器停止工作或工作断续不稳,影响冲击器的性能。为此,对冲击器缸体进行了一体化结构设计,精选特制高性能热作模具钢材料(HHD),采用整体铸造方式成型,缸体表面采用液体氮化加氧化工艺处理。对该结构冲击器进行了室内性能测试试验和现场应用试验。结果表明,该结构液动射流式冲击器的性能得到改善,具有良好的工作稳定性和参数的可调节性;可以有效地提高深部硬岩地层机械钻速,防止井斜,降低钻井成本。The welding and bonding position of the jet-type hydro-hammer used by rotary percussion drilling is liable to cracking.As a result,there appear leakage,pressure relief and failure to establish the operating pressure of the upper and lower cavities of the cylinder,leading to hammer shutdown or its unstable operation or adverse effect on its performance.Therefore,the integrated structure of the hammer cylinder was designed,carefully choosing special high hot-work die steel material(HHD),adopting monoblock casting in its shaping and adopting wet nitriding and oxidation to process the cylinder surface.The laboratory performance experiment and field application test of the hammer with this structure were carried out.The result indicated that the performance of the hammer was improved,with desirable operating stability and parametric adjustability.It can effectively improve the penetration rate of the deep hard rock formation,prevent hole deviation and reduce drilling costs.

关 键 词：旋冲钻井技术 液动射流式冲击器 附壁效应 一体化铸造缸体 机械钻速 

分 类 号：TE249[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]