桂西北典型喀斯特区生态服务价值的环境响应及其空间尺度特征  

The response of ecosystem service values to ambient environment and its spatial scales in typical karst areas of northwest Guangxi,China

作　　者：张明阳[1,2] 王克林[1,2] 刘会玉[3] 陈洪松[1,2] 章春华[1,2] 岳跃民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,广西环江547100 [3]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第14期3947-3955,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB2-08);973计划(2006CB403208);国家科技支撑项目(2009BADC6B008;2006BAC01A10);国家自然科学基金(31000223,41071340,40901094);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划;江苏省高校自然科学基金(08KJB170001)

摘　　要：对桂西北典型喀斯特区生态服务价值的环境响应及其空间尺度特征进行研究。结果表明:研究区域生态服务价值随高程、岩石类型、土壤类型分异明显,并具有相应的空间尺度特征。中山和低山等山区的生态服务价值较高,但森林砍伐等人为活动干扰而使生态系统结构遭受破坏、生态服务功能减弱;峰丛洼地的生态服务价值较低,但在退耕还林等政策人工措施的调控下生态环境有所好转。生态服务价值受岩石类型地质条件影响,典型喀斯特区生态服务价值较低但有增长趋势,非喀斯特区生态服务价值相对较高但有降低趋势。石灰(岩)土和红壤是生态服务价值的主要土壤类型(总贡献率超过60%)。经验模态分解方法(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)各分量的方差贡献及趋势量表明,区域生态服务价值主要以准2.7、5.5、11.6 km的空间尺度为主,且存在自西向东降低分布的严峻现实,这主要受地形地貌、地表覆盖状况以及人类活动的综合影响形成。Study on ecosystem service values（ESVs） is the bridge of understanding ecosystem and economic decision-making.To investigate the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales is an urgent work in the process of ecological restoration and sustainable development in southwest China.Based on the previous research results,the remote images,and weather data of 31 years（1975-2005）,the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales in a typical karst area of northwest Guangxi,China were evaluated with the method of empirical mode decomposition（EMD） in this paper.The results showed that ESVs had obvious variations with changes in elevation,rocky types and soil types,and had corresponding characteristics of spatial scales.The ESVs in middle and low elevation areas were higher,but they decreased due to human activities such as deforestation.The ESVs in peak-cluster depression areas were lower,and they would increase as influenced by policies such as returning farmland to forestland.The ESVs were influenced by rocky types,showing lower values but an increasing trend in the typical karst regions while higher values but a decreasing trend in non-karst regions.The average ESVs in the west part of the study region,which is not only the main nature reserve for rare wildlife species in Guangxi,but also one of the best preserved natural vegetation regions in China,were more than 15000 RMB Yuan hm-2,Comparatively,the ESVs were less than 10000 Yuan hm-2 in the middle part of the region attributed to low vegetation coverage,serious peak-cluster depression and karst rocky desertification.After about 20 years,that is from 1985 to 2005,the ecosystem conditions had been improved and the ESVs had increased in the middle and eastern part of this study region.On the contrary,in most western part,which was dominated by subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,they had been worsened,and the balance values of ESVs were negative.As for the relationships of ESVs with rocky types and soil types,li

关 键 词：喀斯特 桂西北 生态服务价值 环境响应 空间尺度 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]