小麦种质资源在育种上应用价值的鉴定与评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Application Value of Wheat Germplasm Resources in Breeding

作　　者：王永玖[1] 闫洪凯 于国宜 张亮 张磊 王志学[1] 来德娥[1] 牛存秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省怀远县龙亢农场,安徽怀远233426

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第17期10214-10217,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项;国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA6B01)

摘　　要：[目的]鉴定与评价小麦种质资源在育种上的应用价值。[方法]对260份小麦育种材料的冬春性、抗寒性、抗病性及一些农艺性状进行了观察记载,并对部分性状进行了室内分子标记检测鉴定。[结果]小麦的冬春性受春化基因的控制,决定着小麦的种植区域,小麦的抗寒性和生育期与冬春性密切相关;小麦抗病性的室内分子检测结果与田间的抗性表现基本一致,通过对各种病害(白粉病、纹枯病、叶锈病)病情指数的相关性进行分析发现,抗病性间相关性不显著;通过对部分已审定品种的产量结构和综合农艺性状进行分析,了解了目前育成品种的产量结构和产量水平。[结论]为小麦育种研究提供了理论依据。[ Objective ] The aim was to identify and evaluate the application value of wheat germplasm resources in breeding. [ Method ] Some agronomic characters of 260 wheat breeding materials like winter and spring trait, cold resistance and disease resistance were observed, fur- thermore some agronomic characters were identified by indoor molecular marker detection. [ Result] The winter and spring trait of wheat was controlled by vernalization gene, which decided the planting area of wheat. Cold resistance and growth period of wheat were closely related to the winter and spring trait. Results of indoor molecular marker detection was basically identical with the resistance performance in field. Corre- lation analysis on disease indexes of various diseases like powdery mildew resistance, sheath blight and leaf rust disease showed that there was no significant correlation among the diseases. Yield structure and yield level of present breeding varieties were understood by analyzing yield structure and comprehensive agronomic characters of some approved varieties. [ Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for studies on wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 冬春性 抗性 应用价值 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]