菠萝黑腐病菌生物学特性研究  

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CERATOCYST1S PARADOXA ISOLATED FROM PINEAPPLE

作　　者：黄思良[1] 黄福新[1] 林明生[1] 孙恢鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农科院植保所,南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1990年第3期59-64,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本文主要探讨菠萝黑腐病菌的生物学特性。病菌的无性孢子有成熟型与幼嫩型两种,并各有大、小两种形态。用苯胺蓝液可清晰地区别成熟型与幼嫩型无性孢子。病菌的萌发除需要适宜的水、温度、PH等一般条件外,尚需有存在于马铃薯煎出液中的某种物质。葡萄糖在PDA培养基中有促进孢子萌发的作用。高温会加速小分生孢子后熟,低温则抑制其后熟。大分生孢子后熟前后在形态上无明显变化,小分生孢子后熟前为长方形,后熟后变为椭圆至卵形或长棒形。病菌生长的温度范围12°～38℃、适温25°～30℃,适生PH为3～8。In this paper, the biological characteristics of Ceratocystis paradoxa isolated from a naturally infected Pineapple fruit in Nanning, Guangxi, China , have been discussed. The young asexual spo-res of the fungus could germinate easily on PDA or PA medium , but not on media contained only water, glucose , sucrose or Potato ashes as well as agar. This suggested that there must be a substance in the extract of Potatoes, which was essential for the germination of the asexual spores of the fungus,Glucose in PDA medium had a stimulative effect on the germination of these spores. There were two kinds of the asexual spores produced by C. paradoxa , i.e. the macroconidium and the microconidium. The mature asexual spores could be easily differentiated from the immature ones with anilin blue. Maturation of the microconidia could be accelerated by high temperatures and restrained by low temperatures. No changes in the shapes of the macroconidia could be seen appearently during the proceeding of maturation, while the microconidia were cylindrical shape at the beginning of maturation and changed into elongate-oval or ellipsoidal shape after maturation. The temperatures, the appropriate temperatures, and pH for the growth of the fungus were 12-38℃, 25-30℃.and 3-8, respectively.

关 键 词：菠萝 黑腐病菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]