不同基质去除水中氮、磷的作用机理及效应  

Comparison of Removal Efficiency of Phosphorus and Ammonium in Solutions by Five Substrates

作　　者：张敏[1,2] 郭彬[2] 傅庆林[2] 景金富[2] 李华[2] 丁能飞[2] 刘琛[2] 林义成[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学,杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第3期63-67,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-006);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001);浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2005C12025);浙江省科技计划面上项目(2009C33121)

摘　　要：对粉煤灰、矾土、活性炭、蛭石和火烧石5种基质的元素含量和表面化学性状进行了研究,并比较了这5种基质对P和NH4+-N的吸附性能。结果表明:粉煤灰呈碱性,具有较高的Fe、Ca含量,胶体氧化铁和水溶性Ca含量也最高,矾土呈酸性,Al含量和游离氧化铝含量最高,蛭石和火烧石呈中性,其中蛭石含有21.6%的Mg,活性炭比表面积最大。Langmuir等温吸附曲线方程能够对上述基质的P、NH4+-N吸附过程进行了很好的拟合,其中P理论饱和吸附量由大到小依次为粉煤灰>矾土>火烧石>活性炭>蛭石,NH4+-N饱和吸附量由大到小依次为蛭石>粉煤灰>火烧石>活性炭>矾土。双元素(P和NH4+-N)溶液下,基质对P或NH4+-N的理论饱和吸附量较单元素(P或NH4+-N)溶液下要低。在5种基质中,粉煤灰对P、NH4+-N的综合吸附能力较强,推荐其作为水体N、P污染修复的首选基质。Both phosphorus（P） and ammonium（NH＋4-N） adsorption capacities of fly ash,alumina,activated carbon,burnt stone and vermiculite with physical and chemical characteristics were examined for the potential use as substrate in removing P and N in polluted water.Results showed that： Among the 5 substrates,fly ash was alkaline with the highest Fe,Ca and active Fe,Ca contents,while alumina was acid with highest Al and active Al contents.There was 21.6% of Mg found in vermiculite.Activated carbon had the largest specific area.Adsorption characteristics of P and NH＋4-N by these 5 substrates were well fitted by Langmuir adsorption isotherms.The highest P adsorption capacity was found in fly ash with 10.37 mg/g,and the highest NH＋4-N adsorption capacity was noted in vermiculite with 7.1 mg/g.In P combined with NH＋4-N solutions,the P or NH＋4-N adsorption capacity of all substrates were lower than those in P or NH＋4-N solutions.Fly ash,with high adsorption capacity both in P and NH＋4-N,was recommend as an ideal substrate in removing P and N in polluted water.

关 键 词：基质 磷 铵态氮 Langmuir等温吸附曲线 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]